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Scientific Inquiry
Kinetic Theory of Matter/Phase Changes/Heat Transfer
Forms of Energy/Laws of Thermodynamics/ Electricity
Plate tectonics/ Rock Cycle
Carbon Cycle/Water Cycle
100
the variable that is intentionally changed in an experiment
What is the independent variable
100
Which of the following are part of the kinetic theory of matter a. all matter is made up of atoms/molecules that are in motion b. at a greater temperature atoms/molecules move faster c. when matter is solid (frozen) their atoms/molecules stop moving d. at the same temperature, large atoms/molecules move slower than smaller atoms/molecules
What is a,b,d
100
a boy eats an apple then rides his bike for a mile. Trace the transformations of energy that take place for in this example
What is chemical (in the apple) to mechanical (peddling the bike) to thermal energy (body heat/sweating)
100
The cause of plate tectonic motion
What is convection currents in the mantle
100
what is the primary source of energy driving the water cycle?
What is the sun
200
In conducting three trials measure the distance that a car would roll down an inclined ramp at a given height, which of the following sets of data exhibit precision? Explain why. a. 25m, 26m, 32m b. 24m, 25m, 24.5m c. 21m, 21m, 24m
What is (b) because the data collected in each trial is close to each other
200
Describe the flow of heat energy as an ice cube melts into liquid water
What is the ice absorbs (gains) heat energy, causing its particles to move faster as it melts to become a liquid
200
the form of energy deep within the earth's core that causes there to be magma in the mantle
What is nuclear (radioactive decay) energy
200
which type of crust has the greater density causing it to subduct at convergent boundaries
What is the oceanic crust
200
the release of water vapor from plants
What is evapotranspiration
300
You collected data for an experiment in which your independent variable qualitative and your dependent variable is quantitative. What type of graph should you use to present you.r data?
What is a bar graph because qualitative is descriptive (or categorical) and should be represented by separate bars
300
Which object has the greatest amount of heat? which has the greatest temperature? an iceberg or a cup of hot tea
What is the iceberg has the greatest heat because it is much larger than a cup of hot tea. the hot tea has the greatest temperature
300
incandescant light bulbs are less efficient than CFLs because they produce excess _______ rather than _____ energy
What is thermal and radiant (electromagnetic)
300
When magma cools and hardens it forms _____ rock
What is igneous
300
Identify the process in the water cycle that removes CO2 from the atmosphere
What is photosynthesis
400
Identify the criteria that you must investigate to determine the validity of a website
What is who wrote the website as well as who is associated with the webpage, when it was published, presentation of the content (clear language, visuals to support understanding), is there any bias.
400
compare and contrast conduction, convection and radiation
What is they are all forms of heat transfer, but conduction requires physical contact (touching) in order for heat transfer. convection is the heat transfer through fluids, where hot fluids become less dense and rise through cooler, more dense fluids. radiation is the heat transfer by electromagnetic waves that can travel through the vacuum of space
400
Compare and contrast a parallel and series circuit, explain what happens to other light bulbs on each type of circuit should one of them go out
What is series circuit contains one loop/path for the electricity to flow through; when one light bulb burns out, the rest of the lights will not work either because it stops the flow of electricity parallel circuit contains more than one loop/path for the current of electricity to flow through; when one bulb burns out, the others can remain lit
400
What are the effects of convergent plate boundaries
What is subduction that can create volcanic islands/mts, deep sea trenches, tsunamis and earthquakes AND collisions that builds mountains and creates earthquakes
400
oxygen + Fossil fuels/wood ----> CO2 + water + energy Which process in the carbon cycle is represented by the equation above?
What is combustion
500
what are constants and why are they important?
What is a variable that is kept the same throughout an experiment to prevent it from affecting the dependent variable. It is important to maintain constants throughout an experiment because you should only test one variable at a time (the independent variable) in order to collect reliable data and make valid conclusions
500
trace the transformation of a molecule of water changing from a solid to a liquid to a gas and back. Identify the name of each phase change, explain the movement of heat energy and describe the structure of molecules of each state of matter.
What is solid water absorbs heat energy, causing it to move faster and melts to become a liquid that has definite volume and indefinite shape. As a liquid the molecules are in constant motions moving past each other but still maintain contact with surrounding molecules. The liquid gains heat energy to vaporize (boil or evaporation) to become a gas without definite shape or volume. As a gas the molecules have rapid and random motion, and a lot of space between surrounding molecules. If the gas loses heat energy it begins to slow down and returns to a liquid state, or condenses. If the liquid continues to lose heat, the particles slow down and can freeze to become a solid once again
500
Ohm's law demonstrates the relationship between voltage, current and resistance with respect to electricity. Explain how each of these are related in an electrical circuit.
What is V=IR voltage is the push/force moving the electrons through the circuit (ie the battery) the stronger the battery, the greater the volatage current (I) is the flow of electrons (how many electrons can flow through the wire) which can increase if the resistance of the wire the electricity flows through decreases. at constant resistance current will also increase if voltage increases resistance is the opposition against the flow of electrons, much like friction (it often produces heat as a result). The thinner and/or longer the wire, the greater the resistance; and the more load plugged into a circuit, the greater the resistance. The type of material that the wire is made up of will affect its resistance as well depending on the conductivity of that material
500
Compare and contrast mechanical and chemical weathering and inlcude an example of each type
What is mechanical weathering breaks existing rock into smaller pieces such as frost wedging, abrasion, uplifting, and plant/animal forces chemical weathering breaks the rocks down changing their chemical composition, producing new substances in the process such as oxidation producing rust or patina as on the statue of liberty or hydrolysis from acid rain which releases CO2 into the air and dissolves the cementing minerals of sedimentary rocks
500
Explain the impact on the carbon cycle that the following two actions would have. a. burning down the rain forests b. humans increasing their use of electricity
What is a. there would be more CO2 in the air because there would be fewer trees to remove it through photosynthesis and burning the wood also adds CO2 to the air b. there would be more CO2 in the air because we get most of our electricity through the combustion of fossil fuels/trash at poer plants which releases CO2 into the air