Fill-in
A force that moves rock and other materials downhill is ______.
Gravity
The material moved by erosion is _______.
a. sediment
b. glacier
c. landslide
d. mudflow
Define weathering.
The way in which rocks are broken down into smaller pieces, often by ice, wind, rain, etc.
A rock once melted, but cooled and hardened.
Igneous Rock
A mountain area in the Pacific Northwest has many landslides. What most likely causes the rocks and soils to erode?
a. tree roots
b. gravity and rainfall
c. glaciers
d. frequent volcanic eruptions
B. Gravity and Rainfall
The process by which natural forces move weathered rock is ______.
Erosion
What type of landform can form when weather erodes layers of rocks?
a. fossils
b. canyons
c. sand dunes
d. mid-ocean ridges
B. Canyons
Define erosion.
The process where natural forces move weathered rock.
A rock that is formed from layered pieces of sediment that often is compacted and pressed together.
Sedimentary Rock
What is something that has lasted from a living thing that died long ago?
Fossil(s)
The process where the agents of erosion drop the sediment is called _______.
Deposition
Sarah put four small rocks in a jar of water. She shook the jar very hard for several minutes. When she looked in the jar, she saw the four rocks plus little pieces of sand in the water. What can she conclude from her observations?
a. Water can form rocks.
b. Water can melt rocks.
c. Water can weather rocks.
d. Water can harden rocks.
C. Water can weather rocks.
Define sediment.
A material once part of a rock that has been moved by erosion.
A rock type formed from heat and pressure.
Metamorphic Rock
Name 3 natural disasters.
Can include: tornado, volcano, earthquake, tsunami, hurricane, flood
The destructive mass movement of rock and soil quickly down a slope is a ____________.
Landslide
Where do most volcanoes occur?
a. in the center of the ocean
b. in the center of the continents
c. along boundaries between continents
d. along boundaries between continents and oceans
D. along boundaries between continents and oceans
Define deposition.
The process where the agents of erosion drop the sediment.
The process of rocks changing into other types of rocks.
Rock Cycle
Where are the youngest fossils found?
Near the top or Top layer
A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land and can change the landscape are _________.
Glaciers
What is one cause of earthquakes?
a. weathering by glaciers
b. movements along faults
c. deposition by moving water
d. tsunamis forming in the ocean
B. movements along faults
Define soil.
A substance made from organic materials and broken pieces of rocks and minerals.
A substance found naturally in the earth and often makes up rocks.
Minerals
Tell the difference between weathering and erosion.
Weathering - breaking apart of rock
Erosion - movement of weathered rock (sediment)