Vocabulary
Viscosity
Materials’ resistance to flow.
What destroyed Pompeii?
Pyroclastic flow from Mount Vesuvius.
What is it called when the rocks shake below us?
Earthquake
Which wave do you feel first? P-wave or S-wave?
P-wave
Why is it so hard to clean up after an oil spill?
There is so much oil and it’s extremely flammable.
Continental Drift Theory
Idea of Pangea splitting apart to our modern-day plates.
What collects and quantifies the power of Earthquakes?
Seismometer.
What causes Earthquakes?
Stress or movement of rocks beneath us.
What is the definition of Magnitude of an earthquake?
Magnitude: largest seismic waves produced during an earthquake.
T or F: Most rocks melt between 800 and 1200 degrees celsius.
True
Another name for the Circum pacific belt
Ring of Fire
What is a pyroclastic flow?
Ash and tephra slide down a volcano at rapid speeds destroying everything in its path.
What makes up the majority of the Core of mountains?
Batholiths
How do we locate the place of an earthquake using triangulation?
Triangulation is used. 3 points of data are collected and then located based on the radius of each point.
What happens in subduction?
A less dense plate descends below another plate during a convergent boundary.
What is the Mariana Trench?
The Mariana Trench is the deepest Trench on Earth.
Name and explain one type of volcano.
Shield Volcanoes: The mountain with broad, gently sloping sides. Largest type of volcano
Cinder Cones: Formed when eruptions launch lava into the air. They have steep sides and are smaller in size.
Composite volcanoes: Formed from layers of ash and chunks of lava. Usually cone-shaped with concave slopes.
What causes Tectonic plates to move?
Convection Currents
Why do wood structures more often survive Earthquakes better than structures made out of metal and concrete?
The wood is able to stretch and bend more than the brittle materials of metal and concrete.
What does a magnetometer do?
Detects small changes in the magnetic field.
What is the difference between Elastic and Plastic deformation?
Elastic deformation: compressed bent or stressed material returns to its original shape.
Plastic deformation: material is stressed and cannot return to its original shape.
What is a Flood Basalt?
Form when lava flows out of long cracks in Earth’s Crust.
List and explain one type of Plate boundary.
Divergent boundaries: Tectonic plates moving apart.
Convergent boundaries: Tectonic plates moving towards each other.
Transform boundaries: Tectonic plates horizontally slide past each other.
What is the location below the epicenter where the Earthquake occurs?
How are fissures created?
Cracks in the crust that form as a Flood Basalt is formed