Topography and Rocks/Minerals
Name the following latitude and longitude lines:
0o (Latitude)
0o (Longitude)
90oN
The Equator, The Prime Meridian/International Date Line. and North Pole
What is the outer core made up of? How does it differ from the inner core?
Liquid iron and nickel, the outer core is liquid and the inner core is solid, the outer core is less dense, less hot, and has lower pressure.
What is the law of superposition?
Rock layers on top of other ones are younger.
Which layer of the atmosphere contains jet streams?
Troposphere
What motion of the Earth causes the seasons?
Revolution
Describe one physical feature that could be used to identify an igneous rock.
Vesicular texture, intergrown mineral crystals, glassy texture
Name the dominant processes that occur on the inside and outside of a stream. Why do these happen?
Erosion on outside, deposition on inside: A stream has greater velocity on the outside and a lower velocity on the inside.
What is an index fossil?
A fossil that is widespread and is from an organism which lived for a short period of time.
What is the relative humidity when the air temperature is 12o and dewpoint is 6o?
67o
How old is the universe?
13.8 billion years
What is the approximate altitude of Polaris at Riverhead, New York?
41o
What type of plate boundary is occurring between the Pacific and Eurasian plate? What surface features might this create?
Convergent boundary: A mountain range or a trench.
A sample contains 25% of its original Carbon-14. Based on this information, how much time has passed since this sample was first formed?
10,400 years
Explain the process of how clouds form.
Warm air rises, cools to the dewpoint and condenses and forms a cloud.
Which moon phase can be observed during a solar eclipse? What kind of tide can be observed in the umbra of a solar eclipse?
New moon, spring tide
Describe the rock cycle and how each type of rock is formed.
Sedimentary: Compaction and cementation
Igneous: Melting and solidification
Metamorphic: Heat and pressure
Describe the arrangement of sediments that are observed after the following agents of erosion are present:
River, Glacier, and Wind
Rivers and wind leave sorted sediments, glaciers leave unsorted sediments.
Name an index fossil that can be found in Plattsburgh, New York.
Cryptolithus, Valcouroceras, Tetragraptus, Dicellograptus, Lichenaria, Maclurites
Describe the barometric conditions inside and near storms. What does this mean about the temperature?
Low pressure, warmer temperatures
Classify a star with a surface temperature of 20,000 K and a luminosity of 1,000.
Main sequence
It is 3:00 PM in City A. If the longitude of City A is 15oE and the longitude of City B is 45oW, what time is it in City B?
11:00 AM
Name the piece of evidence that is used to determine the layers of the Earth.
P-waves and S-waves: S-waves can not travel through the liquid outer core.
What is an unconformity?
An area in a bedrock structure that has eroded.
What is the Coriolis Effect? What causes it?
Winds bend to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere because the Earth rotates beneath them.
Redshift, expanding