Earth's Layers
Starting from the very inside of the Earth and moving out, what is the correct order of the four layers?
Inner Core -> Outer Core -> Mantle -> Crust
This type of plate boundary occurs when two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally, creating fault lines.
transform boundary
What type of boundary is found between the Nazca Plate and the South American Plate?
convergent boundary
What process is responsible for turning any type of rock into sediments?
weathering
Which of the following non-renewable energy sources does not come from fossil fuels? Coal, Natural gas, Nuclear, Oil
nuclear energy
This is the only natural disaster from the following list that is not caused by the movement of tectonic plates: Tsunamis, Earthquakes, Volcanoes, or Tornadoes.
Tornadoes
Earth's tectonic plates move roughly 2.5 centimeters per year because of this type of heat-driven movement occurring in the mantle.
convection currents
Seafloor spreading occurs at this type of plate boundary, where the youngest crust on Earth is constantly being created.
divergent boundary
What type of boundary is found between the Antarctic Plate and the Pacific Plate?
divergent boundary
This term describes the constructive process where sediments, soil, and rocks are dropped and added to a landform.
deposition
Out of coal, natural gas, nuclear, and geothermal energy, this is the only one classified as a renewable resource.
geothermal energy
Name the natural disaster: An intense storm that forms in the ocean with swirling winds up to 150 mph
hurricane
This process occurs at convergent boundaries because oceanic crust is more dense than continental crust, causing it to sink.
subduction
Which of the following is not created at a convergent boundary: Fold mountains, Volcanic island arcs, Volcanic mountains, or U-shaped valleys?
U-shaped valleys
What type of boundary is found between the African Plate and the Eurasian Plate?
transform boundary
A glacier carries sediment, rocks, and boulders as it moves. What is this is an example of?
erosion
How can we describe the distribution of natural resources around the Earth?
distributed unevenly (due to geological processes and climate)
Name the natural disaster: A spinning column of air with wind speeds up to 300 mph
tornado
What are 3 differences between continental crust and oceanic crust?
Continental- older, thicker, less dense, made of mostly granite
Oceanic- younger, thinner, more dense, made of mostly basalt
The Himalayas are an example of fold mountains. What type of boundary (include the type of crust) created this landform?
Continental crust-Continental crust convergent boundary
Where is the most volcanic activity found? near the poles, near the equator, middle of the tectonic plates, at the plate boundaries
at plate boundaries
What type of rock will form when a sedimentary rock is exposed to heat and pressure?
metamorphic rock
While the vast majority of Earth's water is salty ocean water, most of Earth's freshwater is stored away here.
frozen in ice and glaciers
Name the natural disaster: A severe lack of rainfall in an area over a certain time period
drought
What are 3 pieces of evidence that Wegner used to propose his theory of Continental Drift?
1) continents fit like puzzle pieces
2) fossils on different continents
3) rock patterns on different continents
(also climate data)
What are the 2 features that are created at divergent boundaries?
Hint- at the oceanic-oceanic divergent boundary magma rises up to fill the gap and at a continental-continental divergent boundary the land splits
mid-ocean ridge and rift valley
Volcanic mountains like the Andes mountain range on the west coast of South America, form because of this type of plate boundary (include the type of crust).
oceanic-continental convergent boundary
Plant roots wedging into a crack in a rock and break it apart over time is an example of this kind of weathering:
physical weathering (or mechanical weathering)
What is the approximate percentage of water on Earth that is saltwater vs. freshwater?
saltwater 97%
freshwater 3%
Name the natural disaster: The downward movement of rock or debris from a mountain or hill
landslide