Vocabulary
The amount of matter an object has
What is matter?
Using context clues, logic and established laws and principles to determine the age of a layer of rock in relation to the other layers of rock surrounding it
What is relative dating?
How long it takes for half of any amount of a substance to decay into stable daughter material
What is Half-Life?
Resources that can be replenished within a human lifespan
What are renewable resources?
Resources that cannot be replenished within a human lifespan and are consumed faster than it is made
What is nonrenewable resources?
The smallest unit basic unit of a chemical element
What is an atom?
States that undisturbed rock layers that are beneath other layers will be older than the layers above them.
What is the Law of Superposition?
The half-life of Francium 221 is 4.8 minutes. How many grams of a 100 gram sample would be left after 9.6 minutes?
What is 25 grams?
Energy obtained from the kinetic energy of water due to gravity
What is hydroelectric energy?
Coal, oil or natural gas formed in earth from dead plants and used for energy
What is fossil fuels?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What is an isotope?
States that rock layers tend to be deposited horizontally, if a rock layer is not horizontal it is safe to assume it has been disturbed.
What is the Law of Original Horizontality?
If sodium-22 has a half-life of 2.6 years, what mass of 75 gram sodium-22 will remain after 10.4 years?
What is 4.69 grams?
A renewable energy source that harnesses heat from the Earth's core and mantle to generate electricity or power for heating and cooling
What is geothermal energy?
A solid fossil fuel made from the remains of plants from millions of years ago?
What is coal?
A substance that is undergoing nuclear decay and emitting radiation
What is radioactive?
States that if a layer of rock cuts through another layer the layer that is being cut through must be older and the layer doing the cutting must be younger
What is the Law of Cross-cutting?
If the half-life of substance y is 4.5 years, How long would it take for 2 grams of substance y to remain given an initial mass of 8 grams?
What is 9 years?
A resource derived from organic plant and animal material
What is biomass?
The energy that holds the nucleus of an atom which is released through a process called fission.
What is nuclear energy?
When the nucleus of an atom is unstable and protons and neutrons begin to come off causing an emission of energy
What is Nuclear Decay?
States that continuous layers of sediment can be separated by valleys, but they are still the same layer
What is the Law of Lateral Continuity?
A sample of fossilized wood when alive would have contained 24 grams of carbon-14. It not contains 3 grams. If the half-life of carbon 14 is 5,730 years, how old is the sample?
What is 17,190 years?
This resource is very beneficial but also requires a lot of land area
Solar energy
A greenhouse gas that harms the environment
What is methane?