Earth Structure
The outermost layer of the Earth
The crust
What does a cartographer do?
Make maps
Approximately how much of the Earth is covered with water?
70 percent
A fan-shaped system of streams that is created when a river splits into many smaller branches before it enters the sea.
Delta
In the water cycle, what happens after water is evaporated?
It cools, forms clouds and rains back down
The mostly solid part of the Earth that lies between its crust and its core.
Mantle
What is a map projection?
Creating a flat surface representation of the globe
What does the gravitational pull of the moon affect on Earth?
Tides
Why do glaciers form?
Snow does not melt, but builds up and gets packed into ice.
Any gas that traps heat from the Sun, such as carbon dioxide.
Greenhouse gas
What causes mountain ranges and oceanic trenches?
Lines that run parallel around the globe, dividing the globe into flat slices; the lines never meet.
Latitude
Why are oceans salty?
River runoff and evaporation
What is evidence that a glacier was once present?
U-shaped valleys, depositions, moraines
Define a community (in ecology)
A group of plants and animals that live together in mutually beneficial relationships.
What two elements make up most of the Earth's core?
Iron & nickel
What city does the Prime Meridian originate from?
Greenwich, England
What causes a wave to crash at the shore?
The wave moves in a circular motion, it gets slowed down at by the shore and the momentum carries the top of the wave forward.
The dropping or leaving behind of rock and other debris by a glacier.
Deposition
The boundaries of the different biomes are determined by what?
Variations in climate
Why do the tectonic plates move?
They are floating on the mantle which has very slow moving currents due to the Earths intense heat
On a globe, where are the tropic of Cancer and the tropic of Capricorn?
Tropic of Cancer is above the equator, Tropic of Capricorn is below the equator
What causes ocean currents?
Differences in temperature and saltiness. Hot water rises, cold water slides below
What occurs in the Middle Stage of a river?
The rivers meander, tributaries join, erosion at the sides and faster flow
In the carbon cycle, what part to plants play?
They take in CO2 and produce oxygen.