Earth & Maps
N America, S America, Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, Antarctica
What direction do rivers run?
Downhill
Tundra, desert, grassland, forest, ocean, etc.
What does a seismograph measure?
Vibrations of an earthquake
Where does the mantle get its heat from?
The core
Which layer of the Earth is liquid metal?
The outer crust
What's one way you can tell if a glacier was in a region at some point in the past?
U shaped valleys, lakes, erratics, cirques
In the carbon cycle, what do plants do and what do animals do?
Photosynthesis - take in CO2, produce O2
Respiration - take in O2, produce CO2
What is the term for a volcano that occurs in the middle of a plate?
Hotspot
Name two tectonic plates
Pacific, North American, South American, African
Where is the Earth's crust the thinnest?
Under the ocean
What are tides?
The rise and fall of ocean levels due to the pull of the moon's gravity
What element does bacteria and lightning convert into a useable form?
Nitrogen
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Lava is at the surface, magma is underground.
What is the difference between oceanic and continental crust?
Oceanic is younger and thinner and denser
Continental is older and thicker and fluffier
What are some disadvantages to using the Mercator map?
The North and South areas are too large. Countries are distorted.
How does a river typically start and end?
Delta, Estuary, mouth
Put these steps in order for the water cycle:
Precipitation
Condensation
Runoff/Rivers
Ocean (collection)
Evaporation
Ocean, Evaporation, Condensation, Precipitation, Runoff, Ocean
The focus (or hypocenter) is the exact underground point where an earthquake originates, the epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface directly above it.
What is the term for the movement of rock in the mantle?
Convection
Describe where the Arctic circle, the Antarctic circle, the Tropic of Cancer and the Prime Meridian are located.
Close to the north pole, close to the south pole, above the equator and north/south starting at Greenwich England
How do deep ocean currents work?
Heat up at the equator, move north, cool down and return back to the equator like a conveyor belt.
Why does burning fossil fuels cause more greenhouse gasses?
Burning fossil fuels releases large amounts of CO2 and other greenhouse gases because it breaks down ancient organic matter, releasing carbon stored over millions of years into the atmosphere in a short time.
Name all six types of volcanoes we studied.
Fissure, shield, conical, dome, composite, caldera
What is the difference between a subduction zone and a spreading plate?
A subduction zone is when one plate slides below another, a spreading plate is when two places move apart