Mixed review
Define blue shift.
the displacement of the spectrum to shorter wavelengths in the light coming from distant celestial objects moving toward the observer.
What is convection?
When hot molten rock becomes less dense and rises and cold more dense molten rock sinks.
What happens to the solar radiation with it hits Earth's atmosphere?
It is either absorb by the atmosphere or reflected back into space.
What is the main cause of global warming?
Use of fossil fuels
What unit of measurement would you use the measure the distance of the Earth from the center of the Milky Way?
Astronomical Units
Provide one example of a black body radiator.
What caused Earth's early atmosphere?
Volcanoes
1. Can cause blackouts
2. Can disrupt cell phone communication
3. Can damage satellites
1. Cosmic Background Radiation
2. Red shift of light from distant objects
Why do various planets have different orbits?
What are the four fundamental forces? List them in order of strongest to weakest force and indicate their range.
Strong Nuclear- short range
Weak Nuclear- short range
Electromagnetic- low range
Gravity- infinite range
What caused the amount of oxygen to increase on the Earth?
Photosynthesis
What process provides energy for our Sun?
Nuclear fusion of hydrogen into helium.
What does the law of superposition state?
stats that in any undisturbed sequence of rocks deposited in layers, the youngest layer is on top and the oldest on bottom, each layer being younger than the one beneath it and older than the one above it.
Why are models necessary to study objects in space?
Distant planets are too big and too far away to study directly.
Provide one example of how the geosphere may interact with the atmosphere?
Volcano erupting gases into the atmosphere.
What is an index fossil?
a fossil that is useful for dating and correlating the strata in which it is found.
Compare and contrast the radiative and convective zones of the sun.
What explains the movement of continents over time? What was the name of the super continent?
Theory of plate tectonics. Pangaea.
How was our solar system formed?
They formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas.
See board.
Compare and contrast deep ocean currents and surface currents.
Deep ocean currents: are driven by density differences in the water, known as the global conveyor belt.
Surface currents: The water at the ocean surface is moved primarily by winds that blow in certain patterns because of the Earth's spin and the Coriolis Effect.
What happens to a star after the Red Giant stage?
It will collapse and become a supernova
What is the nebula hypothesis?
The Sun and all the planets of our Solar System began as a giant cloud of molecular gas and dust. Then, about 4.57 billion years ago, something happened that caused the cloud to collapse. This could have been the result of a passing star, or shock waves from a supernova, but the end result was a gravitational collapse at the center of the cloud.
List one possible life cycle of a star.
Stellar nebula --> average star --> red giant --> planetary nebula --> white dwarf
Stellar nebula --> massive star --> red supergiant --> supernova --> Black Hole or Neutron star