Structure of the Earth
Rock Cycle
Tectonic Plate Boundaries
Geological phenomena
Mining and Sustainability
100

Name one layer in the Structure of the Earth

Crust, Mantle, Inner or Outer core

100

Name one class of rock 

Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary

100

When two plates come together it is referred to as what?

Converging plates

100

When magma erupts from the crust what is this called?

Volcano

100

Name one type of fossil fuel

Gas, Oil, or Coal 

200

Which layer of the Earth is the densest?

Inner core

200

What process causes the formation of sedimentary rock

Lithification of sedimentary particles

200

Which crust is the densest?

Oceanic crust 

200

Seismic activity in the crust is also known as 

an Earthquake

200

The lithification of what created sedimentary coal around the world?

Trees

300

What is a difference between magma and lava? 

Lava is on the outside (extrusive); magma is on the inside (intrusive)

300

What factors cause one rock to transform into metamorphic rock?

Heat and pressure

300

When oceanic and continental crust converge what are the geological consequences?

Ocean trench, sub-duction, volcano and Earthquake (2 of these answers)
300

Tallest mountains in the world are a) called and b) caused by?

Himalayas and converging continental plates

300

What are tailings? 

Waste products from the process of refining mineral ores. 

400

Why is the outer core responsible for the Earth's magnetic field?

Because it is liquid - moving charge creates magnetic field

400
Name a process which igneous or metamorphic rock into sediments?

Weathering and erosion.

400

When two oceanic plates diverge what occurs?

Rift valley, fissure volcanoes, new crust formation 

400

What occurs at a transform boundary? Give a real life example

2 plates slide past each other --> Major Earthquakes occur. San Andreas Fault, Japanese fault

400

What is sustainable fuel currently used in the world?

Bio-diesel, Solar, Wind, Green hydrogen, geothermal, 

500

What process occurs in the mantle? 

Convection currents

500

What factors effect the formation of crystal size in igneous rock? 

Temperature and time. High temperature and long time lead to large crystals. 

500

How do we know that the Earth is made up of tectonic plates? What evidence is there?

Changing magnetic poles in newly formed crust along divergent oceanic plates. 

500

What is the deepest natural point on the Earth's crust?

Mariana Trench

500

What is the name of the chemical process of turning mineral ore into a refined metal

Reduction