Plate Tectonics and Seasons
What is the layer of the atmosphere that all live forms exists in and all weather takes place in?
Troposphere
What is the nutrient-rich soil layer, millimeters to meters deep that contains a mixture of organic materials and minerals.
TopSoil
What factor is most important in determining the characteristics of soil?
Climate
Why do locations at the same latitude often experience different climates?
Differences in Altitude, distance from large bodies of water and ocean currents all affect temperature.
**temperature is impacted not only by latitude.
What layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?
Stratosphere
This soil type has almost equal components of sand, silt, and clay.
Loam
Jet streams (air currents in the atmosphere) over the United States travel in which direction? (Use two directions North, East, South, West) From ______ to ________
West to East
What causes El Nino climate variations?
Warmer surface waters in the Pacific Ocean
What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other, releasing a large amount of energy?
Transform
What do we call the perceived deflection of moving liquids and gases (like air currents and water currents) viewed from a turning frame of reference (like the Earth)?
The Coriolis effect--- This is what causes hurricanes to spin right in the northern hemisphere and left in the southern hemisphere.
__________ is the measure of an object's or surface's reflectivity, indicating how much sunlight it reflects back into space.
Albedo
How do warm surface waters associated with El Nino affect upwelling off the coast of South America?
Upwelling will decrease because the warm surface waters are less dense than the cold deep water.
What is the process caused by the upward movement of magma to form new lithosphere at an underwater divergent boundary?
Seafloor Spreading
Warm air rising at the equator, cooling/expanding, and falling at 30N and 30S describes which model?
Hadley Cell Model
Order the following sediment types from smallest sediment to largest sediment: Sand, clay, silt
clay, silt, sand
What is the cause of Earth's seasons?
Earth's tilt on its rotational axis as it orbits the Sun
What is a benefit of terrace farming?
Terrace farming can help prevent soil erosion
What is the winter solstice?
WINTER SOLSTICE
December 21- shortest day and longest night in the northern hemisphere
**in the southern hemisphere this is the opposite
Charged gas molecules glow under intense solar radiation producing northern lights (aurora borealis).In what layer of the atmosphere does this typically occur?
Thermosphere
This soil horizon contains the least weathered soil that is closest to the parent material, sometimes called bedrock
C Horizon
What term describes the ability of soil to transmit water?
Permeability
What is a major cause of turbidity in streams and lakes?
soil erosion and runoff cause increased turbidity in nearby streams, etc.