Plate Boundaries
What types of boundary has two plates pushing against each other?
convergent
Continental drift theory states that...
the plates were all once connected and slowly drift apart
What are the 5 agents of weathering?
water (hydrolysis)
oxidation
ice wedging
living things
abrasion
What are the 3 types of rocks?
Metamorphic, Igneous, and Sedimentary
Earth is made up of layers, what are those 4 layers?
Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, and Inner Core
What boundary interaction always causes earthquakes?
Transform
Who's theory is Continental Drift?
Alfred Wegener
Define deposition
the process where materials that have been moved by erosion finally settle down in a new location
Which vocabulary terms describes the process by which rocks change into other types of rocks
The rock cycle
What are the two types of crust?
continental and oceanic crust
What plate interaction causes sea floor spreading?
divergent boundary
What was the supercontinent once called?
Pangea
Which agent of erosion causes the most damage in dry areas that get little rainfall?
wind
What process causes an igneous rock?
melting -> magma -> cooling
As you move closer to the inside of Earth, the pressure and temperature both ______________.
Increase
What type of boundary causes the earthquakes and volcanoes in the Ring of Fire?
Convergent boundary
Where is the youngest or newest crust located?
Mid-Atlantic Ocean Ridge
What can glaciers do over time?
carve out valleys and move boulders
What process causes a sedimentary rock?
weathering/ erosion -> sediments -> compaction/ cementation
Which layer contains magma?
mantle
Describe a subduction zone.
a continental plate and oceanic plate converge. The denser oceanic plate goes BELOW the lighter continental plate
List 3 pieces of evidence that led support Continental Drift Theory.
the same fossils line up on different continents
glacier scratches in climates that are currently warm
tropical plants in climates that are currently cold
mountains/coal fields that line up on different continents
Give 1 helpful effect of erosion
1. creates breathtaking landforms
2. breaks down rocks into tiny particles, adding nutrients to soil
3. wears down towering mountains and turns them into smaller hills
Mrs. Devorah found a rock with layers. What type of rock is it most likely?
metamorphic
Describe the process of convection currents.
Magma in the mantle gets heated by the outer core, rises, scrapes along the crust (moving it), it then cools down and sinks. The cycle starts anew