Earthquake Science
A scientist involved with the study of the Earth
What is a geologist?
Large wave triggered by the displacement of water, often by ground movement during an earthquake
What is a tsunami?
Earthquake scientist Ruth Ludwin used this to date earthquakes
What is oral history?
The best material for retrofitting bridge columns
What is titanium?
Supercontinent theorized to be the origin of all Earth's continents
What is Pangaea?
Downward movement of a tectonic plate below another plate
What is subduction?
Geologist Brian Atwater found these under the mud marshes along the Pacific coast
What are plant fossils?
Structures need strength as well as this to withstand an earthquake
What is flexibility?
A widely accepted theory that many geological phenomena are the result of large crustal plates moving on Earth's mantle
What is plate tectonics?
The portion of a fault that slips during an earthquake
What is a rupture?
Areas where landslides have cut off water sources, causing trees to die standing up
What are ghost forests?
An app used to send alerts of an incoming earthquake to your phone or device before it happens
What is ShakeAlert?
An instrument that measures the force and duration of an earthquake
What is a seisometer?
The subduction zone along the Pacific Ocean, where 90 percent of Earth's biggest earthquakes occur
What is the Ring of Fire?
A scientist who counts tree rings
What is a dendrochronologist?
Actions to take if you are in a retrofitted or new building during an earthquake
What are drop, cover, and hold?
Willard Libby won the Nobel Prize for this ingenious method of dating wood
What is carbon dating?
The expression of the power and energy released at the source of the earthquake on a scale of one to ten
What is the Moment Magnitude Scale?
John Adams found that this layer was always the thirteenth layer from the top in ocean-soil core samples from the 1960s
What is volcanic ash from Mount Mazama?
Building material that combines the strength of steel and the flexibility of wood to withstand earthquake forces
What is cross-laminated timber?