Just Earthquakes
Measuring Earthquakes
Tsunamis
Nepal vs Chile Case Studies
Reducing Damage
100
What is an earthquake?
The sudden shaking of the Earth caused by movement of the crust.
100
What instrument records earthquakes?
Seismograph
100
What natural event can cause a tsunami?
An undersea earthquake
100
In what year did the Nepal earthquake occur?
2015
100
Name one way to reduce earthquake damage.
Earthquake-proof buildings
200
What is the point underground where an earthquake begins called?
Focus
200
What does magnitude mean?
The strength of an earthquake
200
How fast can tsunami waves travel across the ocean?
Up to 700 km per hour
200
What was the magnitude of the Chile earthquake?
8.8 (moment magnitude scale)
200
What is “Drop, Cover, Hold On”?
A safety drill used during earthquakes
300
What is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above where the earthquake occurs?
Epicentre
300
Which scale was replaced by the moment magnitude scale?
Richter scale
300
Why do tsunami waves become higher near the coast?
Because water becomes shallower.
300
Which country experienced more deaths: Nepal or Chile?
Nepal
300
Why should hospitals not be built in high-risk areas?
They may be destroyed during an earthquake
400
What is a fault?
A crack in the Earth’s crust where plates move.
400
How much stronger is an earthquake that increases by one unit on the Richter scale?
10 times stronger
400
How high can tsunami waves reach near the coast?
Up to 30 metres
400
Why did Chile suffer fewer deaths despite a stronger earthquake?
Better built buildings and better preparation
400
Why is predicting earthquakes difficult?
Scientists cannot be certain when they will occur
500
At which plate boundaries do most earthquakes occur?
Destructive and conservative
500
Which scale measures damage based on eyewitness accounts?
Modified Mercalli Scale
500
One member of the group comes to the board and draws a labelled diagram of a tsunami.
500
Give some examples of short-term response used in either country. (each is worth 150 - max 500)
Emergency aid / tents / food / troops / Red Cross support
500
Explain one long-term way to reduce earthquake damage.
