Forces in Earth's Crust
A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.
What is stress?
The seismic wave that arrives first at a seismograph.
What are P waves?
The monitoring device that works like a carpenter's level.
What is the tiltmeter?
The process that occurs when an earthquake's shaking turns loose soil into mud.
What is liquefaction?
A break in the crust where slabs slip past each other.
What is a fault?
The type of stress that pushes masses of rock sideways in opposite directions.
What is shearing?
The point beneath Earth's surface where the crust breaks and triggers an earthquake.
What is the focus?
The monitoring device that uses a network of Earth-orbiting satellites.
What is a GPS satellite?
Water displaced by an undersea earthquake may produce this.
What is a tsunami?
The type of fault that forms when the hanging wall moves upward past the footwall.
What is a reverse fault?
The type of force that squeezes rock and results in a reverse fault.
What is compression?
An instrument used to measure and record ground movements during and earthquake.
What is a seismograph?
The force that opposes the motion of one surface as it moves across another surface.
What is friction?
True or false. A base-isolated building design reduces the amount of energy that reaches the building during an earthquake.
True
The type of force that produces a strike-slip fault.
What is shearing?
Two types of folds.
What are anticlines and synclines?
The point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus.
What is the epicenter?
A device that bounces laser beams off a reflector to detect fault movements.
What is a laser-ranging device?
People can protect themselves if they are indoors when an earthquake strikes by doing this.
What is drop, cover, and hold?
A large area of flat land that is elevated high above sea level.
What is a plateau?
The stress force that pulls on the crust and stretches rock.
What is tension?
Three scales used for measuring earthquakes.
What are the Mercalli Scale, the Richter Scale, and the Moment Magnitude Scale?
Drawing circles to show distances from three seismograph stations, geologists can locate this.
What is the epicenter of an earthquake?
An earthquake that occurs after a large earthquake centered in the same area.
What is an aftershock?
The scale that uses a 12-point scale to rate earthquakes by how much damage they cause.
What is the Mercalli Scale?