Shakin' n Quakin'
An event that occurs when rocks along the plate boundaries shift suddenly and release their stored energy
Earthquake
The area around the Pacific Ocean where many volcanoes occur is called the what?
Ring of Fire
Vibrations of energy that flow from the focus of an earthquake
Seismic Waves
A ________, an avalanche-like emission of red-hot dust and gases from a volcanic eruption, killed the people of Pompeii
Pyroclastic Flow
An earthquakes magnitude, strength of the seismic waves, can be measured by what scale
Richter scale
A fault that occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other
Magma that breaks through the Earth's surface is called
Lava
The idea that the earth's crust is made up of moving plates is called
Theory of plate tectonics
A certain volcano is expected to erupt again within the next 5 years. It has a bowl-like crater at its top and only one main vent
-Dormant composite cone
- Active Cinder cone
- Active Shield
Active Cinder Cone
Break's in the earth's surface along which rock can move
Faults
A fault that occurs when rocks push together, forcing a section of rock upward
Thrust or Reverse Fault
Volcanic fog is called what?
Vog
The _____ is the point of the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake
Epicenter
This large volcano seems to be layered, signifying that different types of lave have occurred in the past, but the volcano is presently inactive
-Dormant Composite Cone
-Extinct Shield Volcano
-Active Shield Volcano
Dormant Composite Cone Volcano
This instrument is used to detect, time and measure the movements of the earth
Seismograph
A Fault that occurs when rocks move apart, forming a gap
Normal Fault
What are 2 causes that can cause a volcanic eruption
A Hot spot
Heated magma rising to the surface
Fast Moving surface waves that occur beneath the surface of the earth
Body Waves
This large, gradually sloping volcano has mild eruption and a continuous flow of lave. Scientists will study the composition of the gathered lava.
-Active Cinder cone
-Extinct Shield Volcano
-Active Shield Volcano
Active Shield Volcano
These occur in places where water is heated by hot magma
Hot springs
What are 3 causes of Earthquakes?
When Molten rock moves under a volcano
The buildup and release of energy when 2 surface plates move or shift against each other
When large amounts of earth are removed or added
One danger of a volcano is a ________, which occurs when part of a mountain collapses, causing mud and rock fragments to surge down the mountain
Debris Flow
These waves are slower destructive waves that occur of the surface of the earth
Surface Waves
How can volcanoes have more than one kind of eruption
The initial eruption can cause changes inside the volcano that can effect it the next time it erupts
In 2011, a volcano in Iceland erupted. Days later, areas across Europe and Asia were covered with volcanic dust and ash, causing potential health problems, especially for people with asthma or other respiratory issues. How did the volcano in Iceland cause the dust and ash problem in places over 1000 miles away?
Dust and ash can be carried through the air due to the great force caused by the eruption