Earthquake
Vibrations caused by the rupture and sudden movement of rocks along a break or a crack in Earth's crust.
What is earthquake?
a fracture of break in earths mantle. that causes an earthquake
fault line
Who discovered the theory of plate tectonics and continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
A hole in Earth's crust through which magma, lava, and rock flows.
What is volcano?
thinnest layer of the earth. Made of rocks
crust
The location on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus.
What is epicenter?
true or false
earthquakes can be easily predicted and scientists know in advance when they are going to occur
false
occurs when plates pull apart. one example is the mid ocean ridge
Divergent boundaries
The thickness of lava.
What is viscosity?
earths core is made mostly of what
a. iron
b rock
c. gold
iron
A location inside Earth where seismic waves originate and rocks first move along a fault and from which seismic waves originate.
What is focus?
earthquakes that occur underwater. causing waves of water to come on to land
Tsunami
Occurs when plates come together. One plate can dive under another the other at a subduction zones
Convergent boundaries
the thickest layer of the earth.. contains hot molten rock
medium sized volcano made of rock and cinder particles
cinder volcano
A crack or fracture in Earth's lithosphere along which one block of rock moves toward, away from or past another.
What is fault?
earthquakes release energy in the form of what
a. seismic waves
b. faults
c. stress lines
a. Seismic waves
Occurs when plates slip past each other creating features like the sand
Transform plate boundaries
A __________ is a location where volcanoes form far from plate boundaries. It travels and causes a chain of volcanoes over it as the plate moves.
What is hot spot?
large volcano that has large explosive eruptions
composite volcano
An instrument that measures and records ground motion and can be used to determine the distance seismic waves travel.
What is seismometer?
what is the best method to prevent damage from earthquakes
building foundation and building materials
Continental drift
What are the three types of volcanoes?
Shield Volcano, Composite Volcano, and Cinder Cone Volcano.
large volcano with gentle flows of lava. erupt constantly
shield volcanoes