Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Volcanic Landforms

100

This is a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level.

lava plateau

200

This is a tall, cone-shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash.

composite volcano

300

When ash, cinders, and bombs build up in a steep pile around a volcano's vent, the result is this.

cinder cone volcano

400

This forms when an uplift pushes a batholith or smaller body of hardened magma toward the surface.

dome mountain

500

The huge bowl-shaped hole that remains when a mountain collapses is called this.

caldera

Miscellaneous

100

If a volcano's magma is high in silica, it will likely erupt this way

explosively

200

Old Faithful is an example of this type of structure in which pressure builds up and is released.

geyser

300

When groundwater is heated by magma and it rises to the surface and collects in a natural pool, it is referred to as this.

hot spring

400

Water heated by magma can provide this energy source.

geothermal energy

500

The most common type of volcano

Shield

Volcanoes

100

if a volcano's magma is high in silica, it will probably erupt this way

explosively

200

long tube in ground that connects magma chamber to earth's surface

pipe

300

tall, cone-shaped mountains in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash 

composite

400

the volcanoes along converging oceanic plate boundaries may form 

an island arc

500

This is what lava is called before it reaches the surface of the earth

magma

Earthquakes

100

Geologists draw circles around seismograph stations in order to determine the location of this feature of an earthquake

epicenter

200

This is the point beneath the earth's surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake

focus

300

In this type of fault, two rocks move past each other in opposite directions

strike-slip

400

These are the three types of faults

normal, strike-slip, reverse

500

This is the fault that forms along a divergent plate boundary

normal

Stress

100

this pushes a mass or rock in 2 opposite directions

shearing

200

this is a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume

stress

300

mid-ocean ridges are created by this type of stress

tension

400

this type of stress squeezes rock and can form mountain ranges

compression

500

this type of stress produces reverse faults

compression