Random
The crust and upper area of the mantle
llithosphere
occurs when rocks move apart, forming a gap
normal fault
beginning point of an earthquake
focus
What could cause a volcano?
hot spot
heated magma rising
magma that breaks through the earth's surface is called what?
lava
The idea that the earth's crust is made up of moving plates is called _______________________.
Theory of Plate Tectonics
occurs when rocks push together, forcing a section of rock upward
thrust, or reverse strike
the strength of the seismic waves of an earthquake is called _____________.
magnitude
The area around the Pacific Ocean where many volcanoes occur
Ring of Fire
vibrations of energy that flow from the focus of an earthquake
seismic waves
fast moving waves that occur beneath the surface of the earth
body waves
Break's in the earth's surface along which rock can move are called _______________________.
faults
This is the point on the earth's surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
epicenter
Large, gradually sloping volcano that has mild eruptions and a continuous flow of lava.
active shield volcano
avalanche-like emission of red-hot dust and gases from a volcanic eruption
pyroclastic flow
Slower, destructive waves that occur on the surface of the earth.
Surface Waves
occurs when rocks move horizontally past each other
strike-slip fault
What are two things that could cause an earthquake?
-molten rock moves under a volcano
-when large amounts of earth are removed or added
-the buildup and release of energy when two surface plates move or shift against each other
How can some volcanoes have more than one kind of eruption?
One eruption can change the inside of a volcano, causing the volcano to erupt differently the next time.
an earthquake's magnitude can be measured by this device
Richter Scale
Dormant composite cone volcano
places where plates meet
plate boundaries
Series of giant waves caused by an earthquake
tsunamis
a volcano that is expected to erupt again within the next 5 years and has a bowl-like crater at its top and only one main vent
active cinder cone volcano
This detects, times, and measures the movements of the earth.
Seismograph