🛰️ Satellite & Infrared
Question: Scientists want pictures of Earth's surface taken from space. Which technology should they use?
Answer: What is a satellite?
Question: What technology shows areas that are most likely to flood?
What is a flood map?
Question: What is the study of earthquakes and seismic activity called?
What is seismology?
Question: What is the use of science and math to create things that solve human needs or problems?
What is engineering?
Question: A family is comparing two homes. Location A is within 50 feet of a river and has flooded before. Location B is 5 miles from a river and has not flooded. Based ONLY on flood risk, which location appears safer?
What is Location B?
Question: Scientists want to observe heat that cannot be seen with human eyes. Which type of technology would be BEST?
Answer: What is infrared technology?
Question: What organization mentioned in Chapter 3 analyzes data and updates flood maps to keep people informed about flood risks?
What is FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency)?
Question: What instrument detects, records, and displays movement of Earth's surface?
What is a seismometer?
Question: What structure is built beside a river or other body of water to hold back water and help prevent flooding?
What is a levee?
Question: Which statement BEST explains the difference between satellite images and GIS maps?
A. Satellite images contain layers, but GIS maps do not.
B. GIS maps are interactive and can contain multiple layers of data.
C. GIS maps can only show rivers.
D. Satellite images can only be used to study earthquakes.
Answer: B. GIS maps are interactive and can contain multiple layers of data.
Question: A scientist studies a storm using an image containing red, orange, yellow, blue, and purple. What do these colors represent?
Answer: What are different temperatures or levels of heat?
Question: A family is deciding where to build a house. One location is very close to a river and has flooded before. What technology would provide the MOST useful information before they build?
What is a flood map?
Question: Movement within Earth creates energy waves that travel through the ground. What are these waves called?
What are seismic waves?
Question: A neighborhood frequently experiences water runoff during rainstorms. Residents create depressions filled with plants to capture rainwater. What have they built?
What are rain gardens?
Question: Yesterday the Etowah River measured 2.96 feet. Today it measures 3.65 feet. By how much did the river rise?
Answer: 0.69 feet
Question: Scientists compare satellite images of the same river delta taken several years apart. What can they determine?
Answer: They can determine how the river delta has changed or grown over time.
Question: Community leaders are planning new roads, bridges, water pipes, and electrical lines. Explain why they should examine flood maps first.
Answer: Flood maps can identify areas likely to flood, helping leaders make safer decisions about land development and improvements.
Question: Two earthquakes are recorded. Earthquake A has a magnitude of 2.1, while Earthquake B has a magnitude of 7.6. Which released more energy?
Answer: Earthquake B, magnitude 7.6.
Question: Scientists use shake tables to test small models of buildings. How can engineers use the results?
Answer: Engineers can use the data to design buildings that are more likely to survive strong earthquakes.
Question: Scientists observe a volcano using GPS receivers. The receivers at the top of the mountain begin changing position. What might this movement indicate?
Answer: Magma beneath Earth may be pushing the mountain upward, which can help scientists predict an eruption.
Question: A scientist needs to monitor a storm during both the day and night. Why would infrared images be more useful than ordinary photographs?
Answer: Infrared images measure heat and can be used day or night.
Question: Scientists combine streets and buildings, elevation, water features, and historical flood data into different digital layers. What technology are they using?
What is a GIS map (Geographic Information System map)?
Question: Put these events in the correct order:
A. Scientists analyze patterns.
B. A seismometer detects waves.
C. Movement within Earth creates seismic waves.
D. The instrument draws lines showing wave strength.
C → B → D → A
Question: Engineers add special supports that allow a building to sway when the ground shakes. Why can this reduce earthquake damage?
Answer: The supports allow the building to move with Earth's movement, making it less likely to be destroyed.
Question: A scientist says, “Because we have seismometers, we can stop earthquakes from occurring.” What is wrong with this statement?
Answer: Seismometers can detect and help scientists predict or understand earthquakes, but they cannot prevent earthquakes or limit their impact by themselves.