Magma is hot, melted rock inside the Earth. Lava is magma when it reaches Earth's surface.
200
What is the epicenter of an earthquake?
Point on Earth's surface directly above the focus where the first waves of the earthquake are felt.
200
Movement of rocks and soil downhill is called?
landslide
300
What is the layer of Earth on which continents lie?
Crust
300
What is a mid-ocean ridge?
Underwater mountain range. Magma is being pushed to the surface and pushes the plates apart.
300
Difference between active volcano, dormant volcano, extinct volcano?
Active volcano--erupting or has erupted
Dormant volcano--does not erupt for some time
Extinct volcano--stops erupting
300
To find the location of an earthquake, how many seismometer stations do scientists need data from?
At least 3.
300
Movement of weathered rocks sometimes caused by moving water or wind is called?
Erosion
400
What is a canyon?
A deep valley with high, steep sides.
400
What 2 pieces of evidence support the Theory of Continental Drift?
1. Fossils
2. Rocks
3. Jigsaw puzzle
400
A stationary pool of magma?
hot spot
400
What is the measure of the amount of energy released by an earthquake?
Magnitude
400
Types of weathering?
1. PHYSICAL WEATHERING--wind, water (flowing and ice), gravity, plants
2. CHEMICAL WEATHERING--rust, acid rain
500
Name the layers of the Earth starting from the center.
core-->mantle-->crust
500
What mountains are formed when plates are pushed into each other? Past each other?
1. Into each other ---- Folded Mountains
2. Past each other ---- Fault-Block Mountains
500
Name 2 types of volcanoes.
1. SHIELD VOLCANO--thin, fluid lava creates a broad base and gently sloping sides
2. CINDER-CONE VOLCANO--thick lava thrown into air and falls as chunks to create a narrow base with steep sides
500
What is a tsunami and what causes it?
Huge waves caused by earthquakes underneath ocean.