Layers of the Earth
What is the outer most layer of the Earth called?
The crust
What is the area where two tectonic plates meet?
A plate boundary
What is the "hole" at the top of the volcano called? (where lava flows from)
Vent
Which plate movement causes severe earthquakes?
Transform plate boundaries
Name the two types of tectonic plates.
Oceanic and continental plates
What is the inner most layer of the Earth called?
The core
What is the "ring of fire"?
An area around the Pacific plate where there is a lot of tectonic activity such as earthquakes and volcanoes.
Name the 3 types of volcanoes
Shield, Cinder, composite
Which plate movement can cause a tsunami?
An earthquake beneath the ocean floor.
Tectonic plates float on _________________
The mantle
Which layer of the Earth is solid?
the core
Where does sea-floor spreading occur?
Convergent oceanic plate boundaries
Name everything that comes out of an erupting volcano
Ash, smoke, pyroclastics, lava, volcanic rocks & "bombs"
What scale is used to measure the severity of earthquakes?
Richter Scale
Name 3 major tectonic plates
Any 3 of:
North American
South American
Pacific
Eurasian
African
Indo-Australian
Antarctic
Which layer of the Earth is similar to a plastic-like?
Upper mantle
What happens at a subduction zone?
One tectonic plate (oceanic) is forced beneath another plate.
Give an example of a famous volcanic eruption
St Helen's, Krakatoa, Mount Pelee, Mount Vesuvius
Give an example of a famous Earthquake (location)
San Francisco, Chile, Alaska, Japan, Indonesia
Name 3 minor plates
Any 3 of:
Nazca
Philippine
Caribbean
Cocos
Scotia
Somali
Indian
Juan de Fuca
Why does the core act like a solid?
Due to intense pressure.
Which plate boundary causes large mountain ranges?
Convergent continental-continental plate boundaries.
How were the Hawaiian islands formed?
Hot spot
What are seismometers and what do they measure?
Devices used to measure the severity of earthquakes. They measure seismic waves.
What are convection currents and where do they occur?
Currents of hot magma that make tectonic plates move, they occur in the mantle due to hot magma rising, and cool magma falling creating a circular pattern.