Earth's Layers
What is the outer most layer of the Earth called?
The Crust
What are the three types of tectonic plate boundaries?
Divergent, convergent, and transform
WHERE tectonic plates hit against each other is called a ______________.
Fault
What is the liquid inside of a volcano?
Magma
What is the supercontinent called when all the landmasses were once connected.
Pangea
What are the two types of crust?
(or tectonic plates)
Oceanic crust and Continental crust
Oceanic (has ocean on top)
Continental (has land on top)
What is a plate boundary?
where two or more tectonic plates meet or come together.
The underground area where an earthquake occurs is called the _______________________.
hypocenter
When a denser oceanic plate sinks under a less dense continental plate, a volcano is formed. This process is called ___________________.
Subduction
What is the name of the scientist who came up with the theory or continental drift?
Alfred Wegner
What is Earth's middle liquid layer called?
Mantle
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge was formed at what kind of tectonic plate boundary?
(think back to seafloor spreading)
Divergent plate boundary
What state in the U.S. has the most earthquakes?
California
What is the opening magma flows from on a volcano?
The vent
What is the process called when tectonic plates come apart under the ocean and magma leaks out creating new crust.
Seafloor spreading
What is the inner most layer of the Earth that heats the magma?
The Core
What tectonic plate boundary forms mountains?
Convergent boundary
(Continental-Continental)
The above ground place where the earthquake occurs is called the ____________________.
(this place gets the most damage)
Epicenter
True or False: Mountains are formed from oceanic plates crashing into each other
False.
They are formed when CONTINENTAL plates crash into each other.
What causes continents to move?
convection currents create current that works like a conveyor-belt and this pulls apart the tectonic plates and the continents that ride on top of them.
What layer of the Earth is responsible for moving the tectonic plates?
The mantle (convection cycle)
At what boundary do we most often get earthquakes
Transform boundary
The scaled used to measure earthquakes is called the
__________ __________.
Richter scale
What is the process called that creates mountains and volcanoes?
Plate tectonics
What were the four pieces of evidence for continental drift?
-Fossils
-Fit of continents together
-Climate data (coal in cold places/glacier scratchs in warm places)
-Rock (mountains matching up)