How old?
Which law states that sedimentary rock layers are laid down on top of each other, making the bottom layer the oldest and the top layer the youngest?
Law of Superposition
Earth is approximately how old?
4.6 billion years old
When did the earliest life form appear?
3.8 billions years ago
What is a mass extinction?
The loss or death of many different species in a short period of time.
The preserved remains of a once living organism.
What is a fossil?
What is the science of determining the age of rock layers and/or fossils within the rock layers?
Relative dating or age dating
How many eons are there and what are their names?
4: Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, & Phanerozoic
What was the last life form to appear on Earth?
Humans
Mass extinction that occurred in the "late" part of 359 mya. It killed 75% of all species.
Late Devonian
What types of rock are fossils found in?
Sedimentary
States that an igneous rock through the layer is younger that the layer it cuts through
Intrusive relationship
What was the first life form on Earth?
Anaerobic Microbes
When did the first mammals appear?
160 mya
Killed off the dinosaurs 65 mya by an asteroid or comet.
Cretaceous-Tertiary
What fossils is the impression of a once living organism?
Mold Fossil
This states that sediment is deposited horizontally or in "flat rows"
Principle of Original Horizontality
Oxygen was poisonous to the anaerobic microbes, causing mass extinction. What was this called?
The Great Oxygenation
What life form introduced oxygen to the atmosphere?
Cyanobacteria
Occurred 248 mya that killed off 96% of species. Known as "The Great Dying"
Permian
A fossil that helps scientist date unknown or less studied fossils.
Index fossil
This states that a fault or fracture through rock layers must be younger than the layer it cuts through.
Cross cutting relationship
Comets are water-rich objects. It is believed they provided water to Earth, forming Earth's oceans throught (blank).
The Heavy Bombardment
When did the first multi cellular organisms appear and what did the have in common?
550 mya and they were invertebrates
The first mass extinction that happened 443 mya killing 85% of species in the ocean.
Ordovician-Silurian
A fossils that forms when organic matter of a dead organism or part of it us replaced by minerals and turned to stone.
Petrified Fossil