Earth's Structure
The study of planet Earth, including its composition and structure.
What is geology?
The hardest mineral.
What is a diamond?
This area where plates slide past each other in opposite directions is also where earthquakes most often occur.
What is a transform boundary?
The location on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus.
What is the epicenter?
This bowl shaped pit at the top of the central vent is found in most volcanoes.
What is a crater?
The layers of the Earth, ordered from outside in.
What are the crust, mantle and core?
Clastic, chemical, and organic are this type of rock.
What is sedimentary?
Where most mountains form.
What are plate boundaries?
This movement of the Earth’s lithosphere that occurs when rocks in the lithosphere suddenly shift, releases stored energy.
What is an earthquake?
A region consisting of volcanoes that have formed along trenches that rim that Pacific Ocean.
What is the Ring of Fire?
The idea that geologic processes that operate today also operated in the past.
What is uniformitarianism?
This is a type of fracture in which the mineral tends to split along regular, well defined planes where the bonds are weakest.
What is cleavage?
This forms as a plate sinks through a subduction zone, bends, and it becomes a depression in the ocean floor.
What is a trench?
This well-known scale rates earthquakes based on times and amplitudes of seismic waves by certain seismographs.
What is the Richter scale?
The three major types of volcanoes.
What are shield volcano, cinder cone, and composite volcano?
These two properties increase with depth.
What are pressure and temperature?
These minerals are formed primarily of compounds other than carbon and hydrogen.
What are inorganic minerals?
The theory that pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere, called plates, move about slowly on top of the asthenosphere.
What is the theory plate tectonics?
This device can detect and record seismic waves.
What is a seismograph?
This large type of intrusive igneous rock mass often forms the core of a mountain range.
What is a batholith?
This layer, located between the lithosphere and mesosphere, can be found in the mantle?
What is the Asthenosphere?
This type of rock is formed from a mixture of molten rock and gases.
What is igneous?
This person hypothesized that continents move slowly across Earth’s surface in this process of continental drift.
Who is Wegner?
This term explains a force that squeezes rocks together, stretches or pull them apart, or pushes them in different directions.
What is stress?
These three factors determine the viscosity of lava.
What are temperature, water content, and silica content?