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Earth's Interior
Convection in the Mantle
Continental Drift
Sea-Floor Spreading
Theory of Plate Tectonics
100
These two main types of evidence (with example) help geologists learn about the Earth's interior
What are direct (rock samples from volcanoes, drilling, mines) and indirect (seismic waves) evidence?
100
These are the three types of heat transfer
What are convection, conduction, and radiation.
100
This was the huge landmass that was made up of all the continents joined together.
What is Pangaea
100
This is the process by which oceanic crust sinks beneath trenches and back into the mantle
What is subduction
100
Earth's lithosphere is broken into separate sections called
What are plates
200
These both increase as you go deeper into the Earth.
What are temperature and pressure
200
The transfer of energy through space is called ___________, and the heat transfer by the movement of a heated fluid is called ____________.
What are radiation and convection
200
These three types of evidence helped support the theory of Continental Drift
What is evidence from land features (landforms), from fossils, and climate
200
This is the longest chain of mountains in the world
What is the mid-ocean ridge
200
This type of boundary is a place where two plates slip past each other
What is a transform boundary
300
These are the four main layers of the Earth traveling from the outside of the Earth to the innermost part of the Earth
What are the crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core.
300
During the convection current process in a boiling pot of soup, this is what the the cooler, denser fluid does
What is sinks to the bottom of the pan
300
Fossils of tropical plants found on an island in the Arctic Ocean are evidence for Wegener's hypothesis of
What is Continental Drift
300
This is why the old oceanic crust is more dense than new oceanic crust
What is it is cooler
300
This theory states that pieces of Earth's lithosphere are in slow, constant motion, driven by convection currents in the mantle.
What is Plate Tectonics
400
This is the major difference between the inner core and the outer core
What is the outer core is made of molten material, while the inner core is solid.
400
This causes heat transfer within a fluid
What are convection currents
400
The reason scientists rejected Wegener's theory was because he could not do the following
What is explain what force moved the continents
400
This explains and lists in detail the process of sea-floor spreading.
What is 1st the molten material rises from the mantle and erupts through a mid-ocean ridge, 2nd the molten material then spreads out pushing older rock to both sides of the ridge, 3rd new material (rock) is added to the ocean floor,4th the rock sinks back in to the mantle during subduction
400
These are the three kinds of plate boundaries
What are divergent boundaries , convergent boundaries, and transform boundaries
500

Sources of heat from the Earth's layer come from.

What is internal and external sources?

500
These three things combine and help set convection currents into motion
What are temperature (heating & cooling of a fluid), changes in density, and the force of gravity
500

This theory proposes that all the continents were once part of a super-continent and have since drifted apart

What is Continental Drift

500

These are the three types of evidence that support the theory of sea floor spreading

What are eruptions of molten material, magnetic stripes in the rock of the ocean floor (pattern of rocks), and the age of rocks from drilling samples.

500
This is the layer of the Earth on which the plates "float" and move around
What is the asthenosphere