Physical Properties
You place an object in water and it sinks. Determine if the object is more or less dense than water.
(Describe the density of the object compared to the density of water.)
If the object sinks in water, its density is higher than water.
(The object’s density is greater than 1g/mL)
This type of element is shiny, malleable, and conducts electricity well.
Metal
Define kinetic energy.
Give an example.
Energy of motion
What is gravity?
This force pulls objects toward Earth.
What is responsible for Earth's high and low tides?
The gravitational pull of the moon
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
Give an example.
A heterogeneous mixture is not evenly mixed. It is easy to separate because you can easily see the different parts.
An example is fruit salad
Burning wood is what type of change?
Chemical change
Define potential energy.
Give an example.
Stored energy
What is friction?
This force that acts in an opposing direction to an object in motion.
What is responsible for Earth's seasons?
Earth's tilted axis
What is a homogeneous mixture?
Give an example.
A homogeneous mixture is evenly mixed and you cannot see the different parts because it all looks the same (uniform). This makes it more difficult to separate.
An example is salt water.
You’re given an unknown element that’s shiny but brittle. Which class might it belong to, and what test could confirm your hypothesis?
Metalloid; test conductivity to see if it conducts partially.
What is the difference between an energy transfer and an energy transformation?
An energy transfer is the movement of energy from one place to another.
An energy transformation is energy changing from one form to another.
According to Newton’s Third Law, the forces are equal in size but opposite in...
Direction
Describe the positions of the Sun, Earth, and moon in a spring tide.
Describe the tidal range.
The Sun, Earth, and moon are in a straight line. This alignment causes a strong gravitational pull and results in a large tidal range (high highs and low lows).
How are pure substances and mixtures different?
A pure substance is made of the same particles or molecules throughout. The physical properties are the same throughout (ex. boiling point, solubility).
Mixtures are made of different types of particles and molecules throughout. (ex. salt and water).
Where are nonmetals located on the periodic table?
On the right side
Describe the energy transformations that occur during photosynthesis.
During photosynthesis, plants transform light energy into chemical energy.
Balanced forces result in what type of motion?
No change in motion (constant speed or rest)
Describe the positions of the Sun, Earth, and moon in a neap tide.
Describe the tidal range.
The Sun, Earth, and moon are at a 90 degree angle. This results in a smaller tidal range (low highs and high lows).
Describe the shape and volume of gas.
Gas has an indefinite shape. Its shape depends on the container.
Gas has an indefinite volume. Its volume can change because the space between the gas particles.
Explain one way to tell a chemical change from a physical change
A chemical change forms a new substance; a physical change does not.
Explain how energy is transferred in transverse waves compared to longitudinal waves.
In longitudinal waves, energy is transferred parallel to the wave vibrations.
In transverse waves, energy is transferred perpendicular to the vibrations.
As the distance between Earth and the Moon increases, what force between them becomes weaker?
Gravitational force
Describe the amount of daylight hours in winter versus summer.
What causes this?
Due to Earth's tilted axis, different amounts of direct sunlight hit Earth at different times of the year. This causes shorter hours of daylight in the winter and longer hours of daylight in the summer.