Weathering
What is the process that breaks down rocks into smaller pieces without changing their chemical composition?
Mechanical weathering (page 254).
What is erosion?
The movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity?
📄 Page 253
What is runoff?
Water that flows over land and carries sediment. (pg. 271)
What is a glacier?
A large mass of ice that moves slowly over land.
📄 Page 283
What is soil made of?
Rock particles, minerals, humus, water, and air. (pg. 257)
Name one agent of mechanical weathering.
Freezing and thawing (or abrasion, plant growth, etc.) pg. 254.
What happens during deposition?
Sediment is laid down in a new location.
📄 Page 263
What landform is created when a river deposits sediment into a body of water?
A delta. (pg. 275)
What is plucking?
When a glacier picks up rocks as it moves.
📄 Page 285
What is humus?
Decayed organic material in soil.
📄 Page 257
What type of weathering causes rust to form on rocks?
Chemical weathering (pg. 255)
Which agent of erosion causes sand dunes to form?
What is a meander?
Bonus: Which national geographic site that we learned has a meander?
A loop-like bend in a river.
📄 Page 274
Bonus: grand canyon
What is a moraine?
A ridge of till deposited by a glacier.
📄 Page 286
What is mass movement?
The downhill movement of sediment due to gravity.
📄 Page 264
How does acid rain contribute to weathering?
It causes chemical weathering by reacting with minerals in rocks.
📄 Page 255
What is the name of the process where wind removes surface materials?
Deflation (pg. 266)
What is an oxbow lake and how does it form?
A cut-off meander that forms a separate body of water.
📄 Page 274
What is longshore drift?
The movement of sediment along a beach by wave action.
📄 Page 290
What type of mass movement is very slow and causes trees and poles to tilt?
A creep. (pg. 265)
Why does permeable rock weather faster than non-permeable rock?
Because water can seep into its tiny spaces, increasing surface area for weathering. (pg. 256)
How do erosion and deposition work together to shape Earth’s surface?
Erosion wears down landforms, and deposition builds new ones. (pg. 263)
Name two factors that affect the amount of runoff in an area.
Amount of rainfall and vegetation (also soil type, land shape, human activity).
📄 Page 271
Name one landform created by wave erosion.
A sea arch (or sea stack, wave-cut platform, etc.)?
📄 Page 289
How do earthworms help improve soil?
They mix humus with soil and create spaces for air and water. (pg. 259)