Hydrosphere
what does the hydrosphere include
all Earth's waters
Rivers,lake ETC.
Explain the geosphere
What is the solid portions of the Earth
what are Plates
large, rigid sections of the Earth's lithosphere that are in constant motion
what is soil
a natural mixture of mineral and organic matter, water, and gases that forms on the Earth's surface and supports plant growth
what is atmosphere
A mixture of gases that cover the planet
what percent does the hydrosphere cover
70%
what are seismic waves used for
to study Earth's interior by analyzing their travel times and behavior, which reveals details about its layers, such as the mantle and core
what are Plate tectonics
movements of plants in the asthenosphere
what is organic matter
is a material derived from living things, such as plant and animal remains, in various stages of decomposition within soil and other environments
Layers of the Atmosphere
Troposphere (weather, clouds), Stratosphere (ozone layer), Mesosphere (meteors burn up), Thermosphere (auroras, satellites), and Exosphere (gradual transition to space)
importance of hydrosphere
temperature and climate
drinking water and supporting all ecosystems
3 Compositional layers of earth
the crust, the mantle, and the core
what are divergent plates
tectonic plates that move away from each other, creating a spreading center or rift zone where new crust is formed as molten rock rises from the mantle to the surface and solidifies
the 4 main components of soil
inorganic mineral matter, organic matter, water, and air
what are greenhouse gases
gases in Earth's atmosphere that trap heat by absorbing and re-emitting infrared radiation from the sun, warming the planet's surface.
what is a watershed
a land area where all water, including rain, snowmelt, and groundwater, drains into a common water body, such as a river, lake, or ocean.
5 structural layers of earth
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere (or lower mantle), outer core, and inner core
Impact of plate tectonics
the formation of mountains, volcanoes, and earthquakes, which shape Earth's landforms and environments
what soil texture is best for plant life
loam
what is the greenhouse effect
a natural process where certain gases in Earth's atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases (like carbon dioxide and water vapor), absorb and re-emit infrared radiation from the Sun, trapping heat and warming the planet to a temperature suitable for life