Earthquakes and Seismographs
This is the machine scientists use to measure seismic waves.
What is a seismograph?
These are what scientists have used to figure out what the inner structure of the Earth is like.
What are seismic waves?
These are rocks that are formed by the cooling of magma and can be intrusive or extrusive.
What are igneous rocks?
These are the rocks that are formed by layers of sediment being slowly buried and compressed into solid rock.
What are sedimentary rocks?
This is the type of rock fossils can be found in.
What are sedimentary rocks?
These are the faster waves created in an earthquake that are longitudinal.
What are P waves?
These are the 4 layers of the earth.
What are the crust, the mantle, the outer core, and the inner core?
These are the rocks that are created when other rocks are subjected to extreme heat and pressure.
What are metamorphic rocks?
This is the name of the process in which igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are converted into one another in stages.
What is the rock cycle?
These waves can travel through the mantle, but are absorbed by the outer core.
What are S waves?
These are the slower body waves created by an earthquake that are transverse and more powerful.
What are S waves?
These are the regions on the Earth that seismic waves do not reach after an earthquake?
What are shadow zones.
These are the igneous rock type that form when magma cools slowly underground, forming large crystals.
What are intrusive igneous rocks?
These the processes that causes sediments to be chipped off of rocks and then be carried away deposited in layers elsewhere.
What is weathering and erosion?
These are the type of wave that both seismic waves (P and S waves) are.
What is a mechanical wave?
This is where seismic waves originate and move outward from.
What is the epicenter?
These are the states of matter of the layers of the earth, in order from outer most to inner most layer.
What are solid, solid, liquid, and solid?
This is the process that causes sediment to stick together and become sedimentary rock.
What is cementation?
This is how the movements of the Earth's crust forms metamorphic rock.
What is rocks being forced together with great heat and pressure?
This is the difference between magma and lava.
What is magma being molten rock below the Earth's surface, and lava being molten rock above the Earth's surface?
This is what the P waves do as they enter the liquid outer core of the Earth.
What is refracting?
This is the part of the Earth's structure and the state of matter it is in that is responsible for the planet having a magnetic field.
What is the liquid outer core?
This is the correct order in the process of sedimentary rock formation.
What is weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation?
These are the 5 key stages of the rock cycle.
What are magma, igneous rock, sediments, sedimentary rock, and metamorphic rock?
If a scientist designs a mathematical model of the rock cycle that would predict how changes in Earth processes will affect the amounts of different types of rock on Earth, this is the quantity that should stay the same as Earth processes change.
What is the total amount of material on Earth?