Anorexia
The definition of anorexia nervosa
Anorexia Nervosa is a life-threatening mental illness characterized by behaviors that interfere with maintaining an adequate weight. (NEDIC)
The definition of binge eating disorder
Binge eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating (NEDIC)
The definition of ARFID
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is an eating or feeding disturbance that is characterized by a persistent failure to meet appropriate nutritional and/or energy needs. (Eating Recovery Centre)
The definition of orthorexia nervosa
Orthorexia Nervosa is a disorder in which a person is compulsively obsessed with eating pure and healthy foods. (Healthline)
The definition of Pica
Pica is an eating disorder that involves eating items that are not typically thought of as food and that do not contain significant nutritional value, such as hair, dirt, and paint chips. (National Eating Disorders Association)
The symptoms of anorexia nervosa
Extreme dieting, counting calories, throwing away food, dehydration
The symptoms of binge eating disorder
Bloating, abdominal pain and nausea
The symptoms of ARFID
Refusing to eat certain foods, rituals while eating, nutrient deficiencies, anxiety from trying new foods
The symptoms of orthorexia nervosa
Problems with cognition, lower immune system and nutritional deficiencies
The symptoms of Pica
nutritional deficiencies, constipation, poisoning from toxic substances, infections from parasites
People that are the most affected by anorexia nervosa
Women between the ages of 12 and 25 years old make up 90% of people diagnosed with anorexia. These people are mostly in middle or upper class families.
People that are the most affected by binge eating disorder
Binge eating disorder(BED) is actually most common in the United states. BED affects 2.8 million people in the United States. It's more common in females than males.
People that are the most affected by ARFID
Studies have shown that it is very common among children rather than adolescents and adults.
People that are the most affected by orthorexia
It occurs in all genders but is most common in adults who are in the 30-year-old age range.
People that are the most affected by Pica
18.5% of children have pica but most of them grow out of it over time. The majority of pica cases are in children, pregnant women and people with learning disabilities.
The cause(s) of anorexia nervosa
Anorexia can be deemed as a genetic issue since it is more likely to develop the disorder if a family member has had it. The major cause is the influence from media such as television and social media. It can also be caused by trauma or other mental illnesses like depression.
The cause(s) of binge eating disorder
Genetics, gender, changes in the brain, body size, body image, binge eating and emotional trauma.
The cause(s) of ARFID
There is no specific cause for ARFID but it can be hereditary or it can stem off other disorders such as anxiety or OCD.
The cause(s) of orthorexia nervosa
Obsessive-compulsive tendencies and former or current eating disorders are known risk factors.
The cause(s) of Pica
Pica can stem from other mental illnesses like schizophrenia and OCD. Also, being malnourished can cause unusual cravings for substances.
The first case of anorexia nervosa
The first determined cases of anorexia nervosa were found in 1689. It was first named as “nervous consumption”. The name “anorexia nervosa” was first used when the cases were discovered almost 200 years later by an English physician named Sir William Gull.
The first case of binge eating disorder
The first determined case of binge eating was in 1959 by psychiatrist Albert Stunkard it was first named ¨ night eating syndrome¨ He later specified that binge eating could occur without the nocturnal component of that disorder.
The first case of ARFID
The term ARFID was officially in use starting in 2013 when the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published.
The first case of orthorexia nervosa
The first case was found in 1997 by Steven Bartman.
The first case of Pica
One of the first cases of pica was found in a pregnant woman in the 6th century.