TCP/IP Model
Networks are organized into this five layer model.
What is TCP/IP?
What is an analog signal?
This is the MOST significant advantage of digital signals over analog signals.
What is relative noise immunity?
These are the four different digital modulation schemes.
What is ASK, FSK, PSK, and QAM?
This is the maximum size of a frame.
What is 1518 bytes?
This layer is used for routing packets.
What is the Network Layer?
A communication system that is said to be on the same "clock" is referred to as this.
What is synchronous?
This is the sample rate that is required when converting an analog signal to digital.
What is the Nyquist rate?
This is the equation used to calculate bandwidth for every modulation scheme, except FSK.
What is 2*Rsym or (2*Rb)/2?
The 2nd grouping of six bytes in a frame.
What is the source MAC address?
The layer sets frame boundaries, and performs error control and link flow control.
What is the Data Link Layer?
A signal that requires start/stop bits or "sync" pulses are refereed to as this.
What is asynchronous?
This is the negative effects of analog to digital conversion if you do not sample at the Nyquist rate.
What is Aliasing?
This is the equation used to calculate bandwidth for FSK.
What is (Fmark - Fspace) + 2Rb?
A packet that is 3,050 bytes large requires this number of frames.
What is 3 frames?
This layer performs end-to-end flow control, error control, congestion control.
What is the Transport Layer?
Multiple bits are sent simultaneously on two or more channels within the same cable is this type of transmission.
What is a parallel transmission?
The process of mapping the sampled analog voltage values to discrete voltage levels.
What is quantizing?
QAM uses a combination of these two digital modulation schemes.
What is ASK and PSK?
This device is a Layer One (Physical Layer) device that forwards ALL bits that it receives, regardless of where they are destined.
What is a hub?
This is the only layer that has a direct connection from one device to another.
What is the Physical Layer?
This refers to the choice or shape of voltage pulses to represent 0-bits and 1-bits. For example, Unipolar NRZ.
What is line coding?
This difference between the original analog voltage and the new digital signal voltage.
What is quantization noise or quantization error?
These are three benefits of QAM.
What are increased data rate (Rb), decreased bandwidth (BW), and less susceptible to noise?
These devices separate a network into two or more collision domains, effectively increases the data rate of each device on the network.
What is a bridge and switch?