Anatomy
Enlargement of this chamber is the earliest echocardiographic sign of chronic severe mitral regurgitation.
Answer: What is the left atrium?
A new regional wall motion abnormality on resting echo is most suggestive of this event.
what is acute MI
A mean pressure gradient of 55 mmHg through the aortic valve on Doppler echocardiography defines this finding
What is severe AS
Severe dilation of the LV with EF <35% is diagnostic of this primary myocardial disease.
Answer: What is dilated cardiomyopathy?
On echo, a mobile echogenic mass in the LV apex after anterior MI is most likely this complication.
what is apical thrombus
This structure’s abnormal thickness (>1.5 cm) on echo often indicates hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
What is the interventricular septum?
Hypokinesis of the anterior septum and apex is commonly due to occlusion in this artery.
What is the LAD
Mean gradient of 7 mmHg, and a hockey stick sign is associated with this grade of valvular disease
What is the Moderate Mitral valve stenosis
Asymmetric septal hypertrophy with resting LVOT gradient >30 mmHg and SAM indicates this disease
what is HOCM
Oscillating echogenic mass attached to a valve leaflet, often associated with fever, is diagnostic of this condition.
what is IE?
Dilation of these 3 structures, is usually associated with RVSP > 65 mmHg
What is RV RA and IVC
During stress echo, this finding indicates severe inducible ischemia.
Answer: What is wall motion abnormality with stress?
A regurgitant jet with a vena contracta width 3-6 mm is consistent with this diagnosis.
Answer: What is moderate MR?
Granular 'sparkling' myocardium with biatrial enlargement, and "cherry on top" strain pattern suggests this diagnosis
Answer: What is amyloid (amyloidosis)?
Large pericardial effusion with right Ventricle collapse and hypotension is the hallmark of this acute condition.
What is tamponade.
In case of atrial fibrillation, this structure's usually the most common site for a thrombus.
Answer: What is the LAA
Free wall rupture contained by pericardium
Answer: What is a pseudoaneurysm
Pulsed-wave Doppler showing systolic flow reversal in the hepatic veins confirms this diagnosis
Answer: What is tricuspid regurgitation?
Apical ballooning extending beyond a single coronary territory is diagnostic of this acute cardiomyopathy.
Answer: What is Takotsubo cardiomyopathy?
Right ventricular dilation with akinesis of the mid-free wall but preserved apical motion (McConnell’s sign) suggests this acute pathology, often seen after.
What is PE
Inferior angulation in the apical 2 chamber view, visualizes this structure
What is the DTA?
Early myocardial ischemia or cardiotoxicity in the absence of overt wall motion abnormalities is consistent with this finding and modality?
Answer: What is Reduced global longitudinal strain
An AVA of 0.6, with mean pressure gradients of 15mmHg, and EF of 20% is consistent with this diagnosis
What is low flow low gradient AS
E/A ratio of >2 with normal LV size and function and a septal bounce, is characteristic of this cardiomyopathy?
Answer: What is restrictive cardiomyopathy?
A bubble study showing right-to-left shunting across the atrial septum during Valsalva is diagnostic of this condition.
Answer: What is a patent foramen ovale (PFO) or atrial septal defect (ASD)?