Wildcard
Why do horses prefer to eat shorter grasses, versus longer more mature grasses?
Sugar content is in the vascular (bottom) area of the plant
Are minerals found from organic or inorganic materials?
Inorganic
T or F: Fats contain small amounts of vitamins and minerals
F - they are simply calories
What are the 2 types of fatty acids?
Omega 3 and 6
Name a limiting amino acid
Lysine, Threonine, Methionine
T or F: CHOs are higher in hays and lower in corn and oats
False. On average, hays have more protein, therefore less CHO's (roughly 80% CHO in corn/oats, roughly 50% in hay)
Which vitamin is also known as ascorbic acid?
Vitamin C
Fats provide more than ___X the energy per volume than CHOs or proteins can
2X
Is fibre a structural or non structural carbohydrate?
Structural
Where is the primary digestion site for nutrients in the horse?
Small Intestine
T or F: You can do a really quick urine test to check for antibodies in foals?
False - The blood must be tested
Name a mineral that plays a particularly important role in muscle contractions and may be of utmost importance in performance horses?
Sodium chloride, Potassium, Magnesium (though little)
If you are going to supplement with a fatty acid, what should the ratio of omega 3 to omega 6s be?
1:3
On a feed analysis, fibre is often referred to as_____fibre.
Crude
What is something we might notice if there are too many proteins being fed to our horses?
Protein Bumps, Kidney overload
T or F: Canola oil contains a better omega 3 to omega 6 ratio than flax oil?
True. Flax oil is high in omega 3s and LOW in omega 6s
T or F: Legumes provide a good source of calcium
True
Describe the major difference between omega 3s and omega 6s?
Omega 3s are anti- inflammatory, and omega 6s are pro inflammatory
Where are volatile fatty acids produced and what do they do to the horses PH?
In hind gut by microbes, due to microbial fermentation of CHOS that have made it to the hind gut (mostly structural ones). They will decreases PH, which kills microbes, cause inflammation, makes them less resistant to pathogens and increases risk of ulcers.
T or F: Proteins must all be retrieved from the diet.
F - some can be synthesized. This is the difference between essential and non essential amino acids.
Name two conditions an obese horse is more at risk of developing
Insulin Resistance/Metabolic Disease, Laminitis, Orthopedic Disease, Colic, Hyperthermia
There is two nutrients (one vitamin and one mineral) that are said to act as calming agents to horses, which are they?
Magnesium and B1 (Thiamin)
Name one benefit of fat in the diet SPECIFIC to performance horses
"Cool" energy source, Less lactic acid during workout, Lowers GI ulceration risk, Good for endurance due to slow release and improved recovery
What is something that horses can do, but other mammals can’t?
Ferment Fibre for energy!
If I wanted to replace 4 ounces of amino acids after I finished working my horse, how many grams of supplements would I need to give?
About 100g