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Temperature
Miscellaneous
Things you should know
Adaptations and temperature
Heat and other
100
The kinetic energy in a mass of a substance
What is heat?
100
Heat transfer between a solid and liquid or gas
What is convection?
100
Individual reproductive success; the probability of making a contribution to the gene pool of the next generation by individuals of a specific genotype or phenotype.
What is fitness?
100
What would happen if you transplanted psychrophilic bacteria into a thermophilic environment? Why? 
What are: they would die because psychrophilc bacteria have a narrow range of temperature tolerance and could not survive and reproduce outside their zone of tolerance.
100
Water moves from a region of _____________ water potential to a region of __________ water potential.
What is high to low?
200

The proportion of the incident light or radiation that is reflected by the ground surface

What is albedo
200
Provide two differences that can be observed between north and south facing slopes.
What are cooler and wetter conditions on the north aspect; what are hotter and drier on the south aspect
200

Explain the following equation:

MEI = C-F-U

(EXPLAIN: what does this mean?)

What is metabolizable energy? This is the net energy available by digestion and absorption and measured as the difference between energy gained and energy lost as undigested or indigestible material.  In short, the gross energy available for all life processes.
200
Internal temperature varies directly with the environment.
What is a poikilotherm?
200
In which type of organism is the thermal neutral zone broad and which is narrow?
What are arctic organisms (broad), and tropical organisms (narrow)
300
The prevailing climate of a region
hat is macroclimate?
300
Why is water temperature stable?
Specific heat. It takes 1 calorie of energy to heat up 1 cubic cm of water 1-degree Celsius, and 1/3000 calorie of heat to warm a similar volume of air. Water absorbs heat as it evaporates and gives heat to the environment as it freezes
300
Explain the difference in photosynthetic rate and temperature that has been documented in boreal plants versus desert plants.
What are high (almost 100%) photosynthetic rates at low temperatures in boreal plants and high photosynthetic rates (almost 100%) at high temperatures in desert plants. Both plant types are limited in their photosynthetic output by temperature; they operate within a narrow thermal range
300
Name two adaptations plants have evolved for life in the tundra or subalpine regions.
What are dark leaves to increase heat gain, compact growth to limit wind exposure and water loss as well as increase heat gain from soil, orient leaves perpendicular to sunlight
300
The countercurrent heat exchange found in many organisms.
What is the rete mirable?
400
Energy always moves from a concentrated to a dispersed state. Each time energy is transformed from one phase to another, heat is created. This is known as the

What is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics: The Law of Entropy?

(you need both parts to receive points for this question)

400
Anatomical, physiological, physiological or behavioral characteristic produced by evolutionary processes that increases the ability of a population to survive and reproduce in a given environment.
What is adaptation?
400
Name given to organisms that live in extreme conditions such as heat and acid. These organisms cannot survive without these conditions
What are extremophiles?
400
How does evaporation cool the surroundings?
What is latent heat of vaporization? Water absorbs a lot of heat as it evaporates.
400
Naturally occurring short-term drop in body temperature, metabolism, circulation and respiration; driven by food availability and ambient temperature. 
What is torpor?
500
Why is it colder when you go up in elevation? (You need to provide at least 2 reasons)
What is a decrease in atmospheric pressure (rising air expands because there is less pressure); as air expands, it absorbs heat from the surrounding mountain; at high elevations, there is less air pressure to trap heat
500
Heat generated by some plants, particularly the Araceae, as a secondary process of cellular respiration. Thought to increase rates of pollination.
What is thermogenesis?
500
A physiological adjustment in response to temperature that is generally reversible with changes in the environment. Can alter performance and fitness and affect evolution.
What is acclimation?
500
What are the 3 primary functions of metabolism?
What are: converting food to energy to run cellular processes, converting food to building blocs (proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, carbs), to get rid of waste.
500
List four physiological strategies animals use to survive life outside their thermal neutral zone (not sweating or shivering)
What are hibernation, torpor, inactivity, aestivation, countercurrent heat exchange, migration, acclimation