Cycles
Photosynthesis and _______ are a part of the Carbon Cycle.
Cellular Respiration
What is the name for organisms that consume and gain energy from other organisms?
Heterotrophs/Consumers
The bee in this picture is flying over to the flower to get a drink of nectar. When the bee flies away it will take pollen from the flower with it. The bee will then transport the pollen to another flower. What type of symbiotic relationship do the bee and the flower have?
Mutualism
What kind of feedback loop is blood pressure regulation?
Negative feedback loop because heart rate falls when blood pressure rises, and vice-versa
What does NPP stand for?
Net Primary Productivity
What two elements are needed for plant growth?
Phosphorus and Nitrogen
What percentage of energy is passed in an ecosystem from one trophic level to the next?
10%
A lichen is a combination of fungus and algae that lives on the sides of trees, rocks, and other materials. The fungus provides the algae with water and minerals, and the algae use the water and minerals to make food for both organisms. What type of relationship does the lichen represent?
Mutualism
What kind of feedback loop is body temperature?
Negative feedback loop because when your body temperature is high, you will sweat until your body temperature returns to normal.
What is the equation to find NPP?
NPP= GPP - R
In the nitrogen cycle illustrated, nitriication occurs in which of the following steps?
Step 3
Why are decomposers in soils and water important to ecosystems?
They recycle nutrients
Based on the diagram, which of the following best describes the most likely direct effect of a decline of the small fish population on the marine food web?
A) The jellyfish population will experience local extinction because of a lack of food resources.
B) The jellyfish population will increase because of decreased predation.
C) The jellyfish population will migrate to an area with more available habitat for eggs.
D) The jellyfish population will decrease from the increase in the sea turtle and tuna populations.
Answer B- The jellyfish population will increase because of decreased predation.
What kind of feedback loop is present when someone is hungry?
Negative feedback loop becuase to solve this problem all the person has to do is eat food.
What area has the highest NPP?
Tropical Rainforest
Once bacteria have fixed nitrogen, it can be taken up by plants and animals, where it is used in the production of...?
Proteins
In a given ecosystem, producers convert solar energy into 15,000 kcal of chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Which of the following is the most likely amount of energy available to secondary consumers?
150 kcal
A tangle web spider tends to spend much of its time in the trees where it has access to many insects for food. Its leg formation and ability to create elaborate webs means it has a great advantage in the trees and off the ground. A jogger ran into a tangle web spider as she ran by some low hanging branches. The tangle web spider traveled onto the human until it was brushed off near a new grouping of trees with more potential for food. This is an example of what type of symbiotic relationship?
Commensalism
What kind of feedback loop is fruit ripening?
Positive feedback loop because once a fruit ripens it continues to ripen the rest of the tree.
The gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is 3.5 kgC/m2/year, and the energy needed by the producers for their own respiration is 3.0 kgC/m2/year. What is the net primary productivity of such an ecosystem?
NPP= 0.5 kgC/m2/year
How is phosphorus cycled through ecosystems?
Through weathering and geological uplift.
Based on the diagram, which best describes the most likely direct effect of a decline of the small fish population on the marine food web?
The jellyfish population will increase because of decreased predation.
The free-swimming Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki may have the bush sponge Homaxinellabalfourensis attached. The usual position of the sponge on the scallop is near the shell's peripheral margin, suggesting that the sponge is seeking the water flow over the scallop shell in order to facilitate its own filter feeding.
Commensalism
What kind of feedback loop is child birth?
Positive feedback loop because stretching of uterine walls cause contractions that further stretch the walls (this continues until birthing occurs).
The net annual primary productivity of a particular wetland ecosystem is found to be 2,000 kcal/m2. If respiration by the aquatic producers is 18,000 kcal/m2 per year, what is the gross annual primary productivity for this ecosystem, in kcal/m2 per year?
GPP= 20,000 kgC/m2/year