Intro to Ecology (Pt.1)
What is Ecology?
Scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment.
What is the difference between Macroclimates and Microclimates?
Macroclimates are patterns of the global, landscape and regional level, whereas microclimate are fine patterns experienced by small scale environments ( ex. Organisms under fallen log).
Define Population Economy?
The study of the relationship between populations and their environments
Give me the formula or the per capita rate of increase
Change in population size = births + immigrants entering the populations - deaths - emigrants leaving populations
What is an example of parasitism?
Leeches,Lice,ticks, mosquitoes, etc.
What is the Biosphere?
The culmination of all the planets ecosystems.
How are global climate patterns determined?
Using solar energy and planetary movement.
Define Dispersion
Spacing patterns among individuals within the population.
What is the logistic growth model?
The per capita rate of increase decines when the environment reached the carrying capacity.
What is the difference between fundamental and realized niches?
Fundamental niches before interaction with other species. Realized after interaction.
What is the Landscape Ecology?
Exchanges of energy, organisms, and materials across different ecosystems.
Name of the cycle in which warm water evaporates to produce clouds and later rain?
Precipitation
Tell me the formula of the Mark Recapture Method and define the variables
N = sn/x
Population size is represented by (N), the initial tagged members represent the variable (s), the second sample of individuals is represented by (n), and the proportion of those individuals who are tagged are represented by an (x).
What is semelparity?
When species reproduce once and die.
What is the intermediate disturbance hypothesis?
Moderate levels of disturbance foster greater species diversity than high or low levels do.
What is Community Ecology?
Interacting species in a specific area.
What is a microclimate?
Minute differences in the environment, which affect wind patterns.
What is a Life Table?
A summary of the survival pattern of the population by age.
Define density-independent and density-dependent populations
In density-independent populations birth rate and death rat don’t change with the population.
In density-dependent populations birth rate and death rate rises with the population.
What is an exception to competitive exclusion?
When the species have different ecological niches - called resource partitioning.
What does Population Ecology centre on?
Factors that affect the size of populations over a long duration.
What are the differences between abiotic and biotic factors?
Abiotic factors deal with non living features like temperature, water, light, etc.
Biotic factors include organism which are part of an individual's environment
What are the 3 general types of survivorship curves?
Type 1: Low death rates in youth and high death rates in old age
Type 2: constant death rate over the organisms life span
Type 3:high death rate for youth, low death rate for elders
What are Population Dynamics?
Complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors which cause variation in population size.
Name 3 of the 5 interspecific interactions
Competition, predation, herbivory, symbiosis, facilitation.