Ecological Succession and Relationships
What is a development of a community in an area that was previously uninhabited?
Primary succession
How do oceans play a role in the amount of CO2 that is found in the atmosphere?
Salt water absorbs CO2 and converts it into salts.
What is the difference between community and population?
population- individuals of the same species in an area
Community- organisms of different species living in a given area
What is carrying capacity?
it is the maximum number of individuals that an environment can support without harming the environment
Name the order of the trophic levels that exist in a food chain. There are six.
primary producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, apex consumer, decomposer,
what is mutualism?
a long term relationships where both parties benefit. (+/+)
How do organisms play a role in recycling carbon? name at least 4 ways.
photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and combustion, ( conversion of biochemical compounds)
What are biotic and abiotic factors and name an example of each?
Biotic- living components
Abiotic- non-living factor
What is the name of a factor that slows down population growth?
limiting factor
what is the main difference between food chain and food web?
food chain: series of organisms, where one eats one another and energy flows through
food web: consists of many food chains, demonstrate who all eats who
What is it called when there is a reestablishment of a damaged ecosystem, where the soil is left intact, and plants and other organisms start the regrowth process?
Secondary Succession
What is combustion?
when food or fossil fuels are burned and carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere
What can impact the stability of an ecosystem? name at least 2.
human impact, predatation, parasitism, disease, climate, migration, competition
what is the difference between the logistic growth model and the exponential growth model?
exponential growth model- j shape, the population grows at a constant pace
logistic growth model- s shape, the population is affected by limiting factors
Explain the 10 percent rule.
where only 10 percent of the energy from each trophic level gets passed on to the next.
Name the 5 types of ecological relationships.
Competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism.
Explain the greenhouse effect, and how it works.
Solar energy penetrates earths atmosphere, some heat escapes into space and some is absorbed by greenhouses gasses, such as CO2, and warms the planet.
True or false: Fluctuations in an ecosystem help stabilize it.
True
how is population density calculated?
by dividing the number of individuals in a population by the unit area
How is energy lost between the trophic levels? Name several ways.
respiration, heat, waste, death
What is commensalism?
a long term relationship where one of the species benefits and the other one is unaffected
How do plants play a role in the greenhouse effect?
As greenhouse effect increases (meaning CO2 levels are high), more plants cover the earth, and more CO2 is absorbed from the atmosphere.
What defines an ecosystem as stable?
population sizes fluctuate, resources fluctuate, energy flows at a constant rate, the ecosystem is able to thrive for a long time.
What is the main difference between density-dependent and density-independent factors?
density-independent factors occur regardless of population size, such as weather or environmental factors
density-dependent factors occur due to population size, especially when it increases, such as competition or disease
True or Fase: the primary consumer must eat more than the tertiary consumer?
False!