Friend, Foe, or Freeloader
What type of symbiotic relationship benefits one organism while harming the other?
Parasitism
What is the original source of energy in most ecosystems?
The Sun
What is the main gas used by plants during photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide
What process allows plants to create glucose using sunlight?
What is the term for a species introduced to a new environment that harms native species?
Invasive species
The oxpecker bird eats parasites off large mammals like rhinos. What type of relationship is this?
Mutualism
What type of organism is found at the bottom of an energy pyramid?
Producers/Plants
What process converts nitrogen gas into a usable form for plants?
Nitrogen fixation
What gas is released as a product of cellular respiration and later used by plants in photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
What type of organism breaks down dead matter and recycles nutrients in an ecosystem?
Decomposer
A barnacle attaches to a whale without harming it. What type of relationship is this?
Commensalism
Only __% of energy moves up each trophic level in a food chain.
10%
What is the name of the process by which carbon dioxide cycles through an ecosystem?
The Carbon Cycle
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts
What does an arrow represent in a food web or food chain?
The flow of energy between organisms.
Two species fight over the same food source in an ecosystem. What kind of interaction is this?
Competition
What happens to the energy that is not transferred to the next trophic level? Give the percentage for $100. :)
90% is lost as heat.
What role do decomposers play in the carbon and nitrogen cycles?
They break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil.
What gas do plants release as a byproduct of photosynthesis?
Oxygen
What is biodiversity, and why is it important for an ecosystem?
The variety of living things; it helps ecosystems stay balanced and resilient.
What is the term for a predator-prey relationship where one organism hunts and eats another?
Predation
Which trophic level has the least available energy in an ecosystem?
The highest-level consumers, such as top predators
What happens to plant growth when nitrogen levels in soil are too low?
Plants struggle to grow or die.
Cellular respiration happens in which organelle of animal and plant cells?
Mitochondria
If a primary consumer population decreases, what happens to the producers and secondary consumers?
Producers increase, secondary consumers decrease.