Energy Flow
Organism Interrelationships
Population Characteristics
Earth's Spheres
Food Webs
100
These organisms make their own food using sunlight
What are producers or autotrophs?
100
A relationship where both organisms benefit
What is mutualism?
100
The number of individuals per unit area
What is population density?
100
This sphere is made up of all living things
What is the biosphere?
100
A simple, linear pathway showing who eats whom in an ecosystem
What is a food chain?
200
This is the term for organisms that must consume other organisms for energy
What are consumers or heterotrophs?
200
A relationship where one organism benefits and the other is harmed
What is parasitism?
200
This type of growth model illustrates a population with unlimited resources
What is the exponential growth model?
200
This is the solid, rocky outer layer of Earth
What is the geosphere?
200
Arrows in food chains and food webs always point towards _______
What is the organism doing the eating?
300
Organisms that break down dead material and return nutrients to the ecosystem are called this
What are decomposers?
300
One example of this relationship is a barnacle growing on a whale, who is unbothered by the barnacle
What is commensalism?
300
The maximum population size that an environment can support
What is the carrying capacity?
300
When a fish swims a lake, it moves through these two kinds of Earth's spheres:
What are the biosphere and hydrosphere?
300
These organisms make up the lowest trophic level and contain the most available energy
What are producers?
400
Only ___% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next
What is 10%?
400
When two species compete for the same limited resource, this type of interaction occurs
What is competition?
400
This terms describes the movement of organisms OUT of an ecosystem
What is emigration?
400
A volcanic eruption that releases ash into the air is an interaction between these two spheres
What are the geosphere and atmosphere?
400
This diagram shows all of the feeding relationship in an ecosystem
What is a food web?
500
These organisms eat both plants and animals
What are omnivores?
500
The specific role an organism plays in its ecosystem, including what it eats and where it lives
What is a niche?
500
Factors like disease and predation that become more intense as population density increases
What are density-dependent factors?
500
When rain falls on rocks and causes weathering, these two spheres are interacting
What are the hydrosphere and geosphere?
500
This pyramid-shaped diagram shows the amount of energy available at each trophic level
What is an energy pyramid?