Water Cycle
the sun heating up liquid water and changing it to a gas is called:
Evaporation
where is most of the carbon located on the earth?
Where is nitrogen mostly found in animals?
DNA, RNA, and proteins
What is the 10% rule of energy in ecosystems?
10% of the energy is transferred to each trophic level.
List the 5 phases of the water cycle
evaporation, condensation, precipitation, transpiration, runoff.
After carbon is in the atmosphere, what happens next?
Plants use the carbon to make food (sugar)
list the 4 phases of the nitrogen cycle
Nitrogen Fixation
Ammonification
Nitrification
Denitrification
Differentiate between an autotroph and a heterotroph
Autotroph - make their own food (plants)
heterotroph - consume others for food (animals)
What occurs during transpiration in the water cycle?
evaporation of water from plants.
How is carbon transferred to animals?
animals eat plants to take in carbon.
the process in which nitrogen in the atmosphere breaks and combines with other compounds.
Nitrogen Fixation
What is the lowest energy level in any ecosystem?
Producers (plants)
as water vapor rises higher in the atmosphere, it begins to cool and become a liquid again. this process is called:
List two ways carbon is able to transfer back into the atmosphere.
decomposers break down dead things
burning fossil fuels
animals breathing
explain the process of Ammonification. What organism is responsible for ammonification?
decomposer bacteria convert the nitrogen to ammonia.
What is a secondary consumer?
an animal that feeds on primary consumers
List the 5 locations we can find water on earth.
which one holds the most FRESH water?
Lakes and streams
Glaciers
Groundwater
oceans
atmosphere
What is one way humans can reduce carbon emissions into the atmosphere?
plant more trees
drive less cars
less industrialization
greener methods of energy generation
1. this phase changes ammonia into compounds plants can use.
2. This phase changes nitrogen compounds back into atmospheric nitrogen.
1. Nitrification
2. Denitrification
Sort the following animals into their respective trophic energy levels:
Mushroom, Shrub, Hawk, Frog, Grasshopper, Cobra
Producer - shrub
primary consumer - grasshopper
secondary consumer - frog
tertiary consumer - cobra
quaternary consumer - hawk
decomposer - mushroom