This image shows ___________ succession
Primary
Which of these human activities would most likely cause the biggest long-term threat to biodiversity of a grassland?
a. planting native flowering bushes in neighborhoods bordering the grassland
b. burning a portion of the grass to control a fungal infection
c. using the grasslands as a commercial agricultural area
d. limiting hunting on grassland herbivores
c. using the grasslands as a commercial agricultural area
Which of the following tend to cause average global temperatures to increase if all other factors stay the same? select all that apply
a. increase in cloud formation and coverage
b. increase in greenhouse gases
c. increase in the number of sunspots
d. increase in volcanic eruptions
b. increase in greenhouse gases
c. increase in the number of sunspots
Runoff that contains chemical fertilizers can cause _________.
a. thinning ozone
b. global warming
c. algal blooms
d. ozone depletion
algal blooms
the final community of organisms in an ecosystem once it becomes stable
climax community
On a newly formed volcanic island, which of the following would most likely be the pioneer species?
a. small plants
b. earthworms
c. lichens
d. birds
c. lichens
Zebra mussels are non-native invasive species that were introduced to the Great Lakes. These mussels reproduce in large quantities and will attach and grow on top of larger native mussels. Zebra mussels eat plankton. Which of the following would most likely increase due to the zebra mussel infestation?
a. plankton b. native mussels
c. fish that eat plankton d. fish that eat mussels
d. fish that eat mussels
Which of these best explains the trends shown in the graph?
a. increasd salinity (salt concentration)
b. decreased atmospheric temperatures
c. increased ocean temperatures
d. decreased solar radiation
c. increased ocean temperatures
PCB, a toxic chemical, is dumped into a lake. The chemical accumulates in the fat of animals exposed to it. Which of the following would be most severely affected?
a. producers
b. primary consumers
c. secondary consumers
d. tertiary consumers
d. tertiary consumers
the complete death of a species
extinction
A forest fire sweeps through a grassland. Most vegetation is burned, and the animals are driven out or killed. What will happen to the land?
a. primary succession
b. secondary succession
c. remain dormant with no new growth
d. new grass will grow, but animals will not be able to live in the area
b. secondary succession
California has over 1,000 dams used for hydroelectric power and to reduce flooding. A dramatic decrease in salmon and trout populations were noted in the dammed rivers. Which of the following would be a possible benefit of removing some dams?
a. restoration of migrating fish habitats
b. increased hydroelectric power output
c. better long-term drought prevention
d. decrease in flooding events downstream from where the dam is removed
a. restoration of migrating fish habitats
Which of the following would represent a positive feedback implicated in global warming caused by the greenhouse effect? (remember a positive feedback amplifies a change) select all that apply
a. warmer ocean water releases co2 and methane into the atmosphere
b. a decrease in arctic ice decreases the amount of solar energy that is reflected
c. warmer air holds more water vapor
d. increased temperatures increase rainfall; increased co2 and rainfall increase plant growth
e. increased temperatures accelerate the water cycle and increase cloud formation
a. warmer ocean water releases co2 and methane into the atmosphere
b. a decrease in arctic ice decreases the amount of solar energy that is reflected
c. warmer air holds more water vapor
the buildup of chemicals in consumers as the chemicals are passed up the food chain is ___________.
a. algal blooms
b. biological magnification
c. CFC's
d. Eutrophication
biological magnification
the movement of animals, such as birds, from one area to another, usually occurring during a change of seasons
migration
A paper mill clears an area of deciduous and coniferous trees. A small pond forms on the newly cleared land and the land undergoes succession. What will be the most likely climax community on the land?
deciduous/coniferous forest
Hummingbirds rely on flower nectar and insects for food. They have several natural predators, including domestic and wild cat species and predatory birds. Which represents a threat to migrating hummingbirds?
a. increase in avg winter temperatures
b. decrease in natural hummingbird predators
c. decrease in flowering plant habitats
d. increase in avg summer rainfall
c. decrease in flowering plant habitats
The major radiative forcing factors for global climate are solar irradiance, greenhouse gas concentrations, and albedo. If radiative forcing from greenhouse gases increases without changes in the other factors, what will be the most likely result on global temperatures?
they will increase
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) used in aersol cans can cause _____________.
holes in the ozone layer
the trend of increasing average atmospheric and ocean temperatures around the world
global warming
The firs species to inhabit an area are _________.
pioneer species
Which would be in the most danger of becoming extinct?
a. high birth rate, shrinking habitat, specialized diet
b. high birth rate, shrinking habitat, varied diet
c. low birth rate, expanding habitat, varied diet
d. low birth rate, shrinking habitat, specialized
d. low birth rate, shrinking habitat, specialized
Co2, water vapor, and methane are all examples of __________ gases.
greenhouse
Which of the following is the most damaging potential consequence to an ecosystem when chemical pesticides are used to kill insects on crops?
a. pesticide kills insects that damage the crops
b. pesticide enters the food web as predators eat the poisoned insects
c. the pesticide remains on the leaves of the harvested crops
d. the pesticide is diluted by rainwater and irrigation
b. pesticide enters the food web as predators eat the poisoned insects
a layer in the upper atmosphere that protects the earth's surface from ultraviolet radiation coming from the sun
ozone layer