Food Chains/Webs
What is Autotroph and give me an example?
Organisms that make their own food
Examples: Producers
What is commensalism?
One organism is helped and the other is neutral (not helped or harmed)
Which type of succession begins on bare rock where no soil exists, such as after a volcanic eruption?
Primary Succession
How much energy gets transferred to each trophic level?
10%
What process do plants use to take in carbon dioxide and make glucose?
Photosynthesis
What is an omnivore?
Humans have bacteria in their intestines that help break down food. The bacteria get a home and nutrients. What is the relationship?
Mutualism
What is the name for the first species to grow in an area during succession, like lichens or mosses on bare rock?
Pioneer Species
If a rainforest is cut down for farming, what happens to the biodiversity of that area?
It decreases significantly.
Which organisms are most responsible for carrying out the nitrogen cycle?
Bacteria
What will happen in a food chain or food web if the population of primary consumers decrease? and why?
The population of producers will increase AND the population of secondary consumers decrease?
What relationship is this. In a desert, cactus plants and small shrubs both need water from the same soil. What happens to the plants if there’s a drought?
Competition
What do we call the stable, mature community that forms at the end of succession (before a disturbance happens again)?
Climax Community
If the secondary consumers have a total energy of 3,000 kJ, how much energy will be in the rest of the trophic levels? Producers to Apex predators.
Producers: 300,000 kJ
Primary Consumers: 30,000 kJ
Tertiary Consumers: 300 kJ
Apex Predators: 30 kJ
Which human activity releases extra carbon into the atmosphere and contributes to climate change?
Combustion (burning of fossil fuels)
What are detrivores and give me an example?
Eats dead organsims
Examples: vultures
Mistletoe grows on a tree, taking water and absorbing nutrients from it. How does this affect the mistletoe and the tree? What relationship is this?
Parasitism
A forest fire burns down many trees, but the soil remains. Which type of succession will take place here?
Secondary Succession
How can invasive species affect biodiversity?
They outcompete native species and reduce biodiversity.
What do we call the bacteria process that turns nitrogen gas (N₂) into a form plants can use?
Nitrogen Fixation
There were 7 characteristics of life that we learned, give me 3.
1. Made of cells, Reproduce, Grow and develop, Acquire and use energy, Contain Genetic Information, Respond to Environment, and/or Adapt & evolve
What relationship is this. A small bird builds its nest in the branches of a tall tree. The bird is protected, but what about the tree?
Commensalism
Out of primary and secondary succession which is usually faster to develop and why?
Secondary succession because even though a natural disaster destroyed the climax community, a little bit of soil is still present.
What is biomagnification?
The process where toxic compounds accumulate and become more concentrated in the tissues of organisms as they move up the food chain, leading to potentially lethal levels in apex predators
What process converts nitrates back into nitrogen gas released into the atmosphere?
Denitrification