Plants vs. Fungi
Mushrooms are the fruit of fungi, similar to an apple on a tree.
TRUE
I live in super salty environments that no other organisms can live. I am single-celled and my DNA is not in a nucleus. What am I?________________________
Archaea
Which organism would be classified as a primary consumer in this food chain:
Oak tree → Caterpillar → Bird → Snake?
Caterpillar
What type of symbiosis is shown in the image with the fish and anemone?
Mutualism
The biosphere is:
All living things
Fungi are more closely related to animals than plants.
TRUE
I live on your skin. If given the chance, I can cause an infection. I grow in colonies as single-celled organisms. I have DNA but not in a nucleus. What am I?________________
Bacteria
In a simple food web:
grass → rabbit → fox → decomposer,
What role do decomposers play?
They break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil
What is an invasive species?
A non-native species that causes harm to the environment, economy, or human health
Which process is NOT part of the carbon cycle?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Cellular respiration
c) Combustion of fossil fuels
d) Nitrogen fixation
D) Nitrogen Fixation
If a plant has flowers and no cones is it an Angiosperm or Gymnosperm?
Angiosperm
Which kingdom(s) contain only unicellular organisms?
Bacteria & Archaea, some Protists, and some Fungi
In an energy pyramid, which trophic level contains the most energy?
Producers (1st Level)
The Burmese python has become an invasive species in the Florida Everglades. What impact has this species had on the ecosystem?
It has significantly reduced populations of native mammals and birds.
List the 4 "spheres"
biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
Organisms that can produce their own food from an external source of energy without having to eat other organisms are called:
Autotrophs or Producers
Which kingdom(s) contain only heterotrophs?
Animalia and Fungi
Explain why there are typically fewer organisms at higher trophic levels in an energy pyramid. Include the concept of energy transfer efficiency in your answer.
10% Rule- only about 10% is passed up, while 90% is lost as metabolic heat and waste. This massive energy loss leaves insufficient energy to support large populations, resulting in fewer, often larger, predators at the top.
A population of 500 mice has 200 births and 100 deaths in one year, with 25 mice immigrating and 50 emigrating. Calculate the population size at the end of the year and determine if the population is growing or declining.
500 (base population)+ (200 births) + (25 immigrating) - (100 deaths) - (50 emigrating) = 575
575 > 500 so increasing
Exponential growth is most likely to occur when:
Resources are abundant (of unlimited) and competition is low.
Why do plants need to perform both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, while fungi only perform cellular respiration?
Plants need to make glucose from sunlight so they need to photosynthesis, while fungi get the glucose by breaking down dead things. Both need cellular respiration to access the energy stored in glucose.
Which kingdom(s) contain organisms that may be either unicellular or multicellular?
Algae & Fungi, examples for fungi: Mushrooms (multicellular) and Yeast (single celled)
Describe the role of decomposers in nutrient cycling within an ecosystem. Why are they essential for ecosystems?
Decomposers (bacteria, fungi, worms) are the ecosystem's nutrient recyclers, breaking down dead organic matter into simple, inorganic nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon. Without decomposers, nutrients would remain locked in dead matter, leading to nutrient depletion in soil and the collapse of plant life, which is the base of the food web.
Explain how habitat fragmentation disrupted the complex interactions of ecosystems. Consider factors like competition, predation, and mating success.
As suitable habitat shrinks, species are forced into smaller areas, intensifying competition for food and nesting sites. With less area, predators can more easily catch prey, decreasing their populations. Isolation of subpopulations prevents movement between patches, limiting access to mates and reducing mating success.
How does photosynthesis and cellular respiration cycle carbon among at least 2 of the following: biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere?
Photosynthesis: use sunlight to convert ATMOSPHERE CO2 and water into glucose and oxygen. This stores carbon in living tissues in plants in the BIOSPHERE
Cellular Respiration: BIOSPHERE Plants and animals break down glucose, using O2 to release energy, water, and CO2 as a byproduct, returning carbon to the ATMOSPHERE.