Ecology

Symbiosis

100

Remoras are small fish that attach to sharks but do not harm them. When sharks tear prey apart, remoras eat the leftovers. What relationship do remoras have with sharks? A. Mutualism B. Parasitism C. Commensalism D. predator-prey

What is C. Commensalism

200

Hummingbirds share a mutualistic relationship with the flowers they feed on. Which of these statements about the symbiotic relationship between the flower and the hummingbird is true? A. Both the flower and the hummingbird are helped. B. Both the flower and the hummingbird are harmed. C. The flower is harmed, and the hummingbird is helped. D. The flower is helped, and the hummingbird is harmed.

What is A. Both the flower and the hummingbird are helped.

300

Honeybees are important pollinators of flowers. Mites that live in the bodies of bees can attack honeybee colonies. Some birds, amphibians, and insects eat honeybees. Which of the following relationships is not included in the description above? A. Parasitism B. Mutualism C. Commensalism D. predator-prey

What is C. Commensalism

400

Small birds called Egyptian plovers sometimes get their food by picking it off the hides of crocodiles. For this reason, they are also known as crocodile birds. Which kind of relationship do crocodiles and Egyptian plovers have? A. Parasitism B. Mutualism C. Commensalism D. predator-prey

What is B. Mutualism

500

Barnacles are crustaceans that attach themselves to large marine animals such as whales. The barnacles are transported to new feeding grounds, usually without affecting the whale. This process is an example of which of the following? A. Predation B. Parasitism C. Mutualism D. Commensalism

What is D. Commensalism

Food Wed

100

Scientists studied predator-prey relationships in a habitat. The diagram below shows the feeding relationships among organisms in a certain environment. Which animal is both a predator and prey? A. Owl B. Plant C. Snake D. Cricket

What is C. Snake

200

Mangrove swamps are found along the southern coasts of Florida. A mangrove swamp contains an ecosystem of many organisms living among the large roots of the mangrove trees. This food web shows some of the relationships in that ecosystem. According to the food web, which organism is a producer in the mangrove swamp? A. Crab B. Mold C. Pelican D. Phytoplankton

What is D. Phytoplankton

300

A food chain provides details about the food relationships among organisms in an ecosystem. This food chain shows some of the plants and animals that could be observed in a meadow ecosystem. Green Plant->Beetle->Toad->Snake->Owl What is the source of energy for the snake? A. the toad B. the owl C. Sunlight D. green plants

What is A. the toad

400

Explain how a food web might be affected if a species disappeared from an ecosystem.

What is For example, if little fish disappeared, then the bigger fish population that ate them would decrease, and the krill which the little fish ate would increase.

500

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Limiting Factors

100

The population of a group of rabbits in a restricted area studied over a period of 5 years. Which statement might explain why the population levels off? A. The resources in the area ran out. B. Predators were introduced into the area. C. The rabbits began to fight with one another. D. Competition for resources limits the rabbit population.

What is D. Competition for resources limits the rabbit population.

200

Scientists studied the changes in the levels of the rabbit population in a habitat. The graph below shows the population of a group of rabbits in a restricted area studied over a period of 5 years. Which of these limitations does not explain the population curve shown in the graph? A. limited food B. limited space C. limited water D. limited sunlight

What is D. limited sunlight

300

Devon noticed that it has rained much more this year than it did in each of the previous 10 years. How might this increase in rainfall affect populations in the area? A. Populations for whom water is a limiting factor will increase in size. B. Populations for whom water is a limiting factor will decrease in size. C. Populations for whom water is not a limiting factor will increase in size. D. Populations for whom water is not a limiting factor will decrease in size.

What is A. Populations for whom water is a limiting factor will increase in size.

400

Latrice is helping build birdhouses in an effort to attract more purple martins to her area. Building purple martin birdhouses has been shown to increase the size of populations of this bird, which have declined in recent years. What limiting factor must her area have that decreases purple martin populations? A. Disease B. Prey C. Shelter D. Water

What is C. Shelter

500

The Florida Everglades are wetlands and home to many different types of reptiles. Familiar species such as the Florida box turtle and the American alligator can be found throughout the area. Burmese pythons, which first came to the Everglades when pet owners released them to the wild, have recently increased in numbers. Populations of other species of reptiles are much smaller. Scientists are closely watching populations of endangered species, such as the eastern indigo snake. Which reptile would be classified as an introduced species in the Everglades? A. American alligator B. Burmese python C. eastern indigo snake D. Florida box turtle

What is B. Burmese python

Random

100

Aphids can infest and damage plants. Ladybugs eat these aphids. Ladybugs often live on such plants in order to be near their food source. Which answer describes the relationships in this example? A. parasitism, mutualism, and commensalism B. parasitism, predation, and mutualism C. parasitism, predation, and commensalism D. commensalism, mutualism, and predation

What is B. parasitism, predation, and mutualism

200

The interiors of some plants have tunnels and holes that ants can live in. These plants may also produce food on their leaves that ants like to eat. Which of the following is not a likely reason that some plants are adapted to attract ants? A. Ants could pollinate the plant’s flowers. B. Ants could farm aphids, which eat the plant’s sap. C. Ants could attack invaders that might eat the plant. D. Ants could die, adding nutrients to the soil below the plant.

What is B. Ants could farm aphids, which eat the plant’s sap.

300

A spider hides in an orchid flower. It captures and eats insects as they enter the flower. In which case could this be an example of mutualism? A. if the spider is also eating part of the flower B. if the spider’s actions do not affect the orchid plant C. if the insects that the spider captures are harming the flower D. if the insects that the spider captures are pollinating the flower

What is C. if the insects that the spider captures are harming the flower

400

Southern Florida has many tropical hardwood hammocks—forest habitats that are warm, wet, and populated with many broad-leaved evergreen trees. Why might a plant native to an ecosystem with a cooler climate do well if introduced to a tropical hardwood hammock? A. The trees in the tropical hardwood hammock are better at competing for native resources than the introduced species are. B. The wet conditions in the tropical hardwood hammock disrupt the life cycle and limit reproduction of the introduced species. C. Freezing temperatures that normally limit the population in the cooler climate are lacking in the tropical hardwood hammock. D. Pollinators and seed carriers that normally increase the population in the cooler climate are lacking in the tropical hardwood hammock.

What is C. Freezing temperatures that normally limit the population in the cooler climate are lacking in the tropical hardwood hammock.

500

Choose an ecosystem near you (Florida). List three organisms in the ecosystem and describe limiting factors for each of them.

What is ecosystem- beach, organisms- fish (food sources), bird (nesting sights), red mangrove (salt water or room to grow).

Random 2

100

Mistletoe is a plant that grows on other plants. Its root-like structure reaches into the plants and draws out water and nutrients. What is the mistletoe’s role in this relationship? A. Host B. Prey C. Parasite D. Predator

What is C. Parasite

200

Each organism has its own role in an ecosystem. Organisms can be producers, consumers, or decomposers. Which of these organisms can be classified as a decomposer? A. bumble bee B. Flowers C. Mushroom D. Turtle

What is C. mushroom

300

Order the following levels of organization in the correct order from largest to smallest. -Population -Individual -Community -Ecosystem

What is Ecosystem>Community>Population>Individual

400

A population of birds has nesting sites for 500 birds and food for 400 birds. What is the limiting factor for this population? Explain your answer.

What is food, without enough food, the population can not be supported and will die off until there are no more than 400 individuals (competition will happen after there are 400 ind.)

500

Identify a community near where you live, such as a forest, a pond, or your own backyard. Think about the interactions of the organisms in this community. DESCRIBE an interaction and IDENTIFY it as predation, mutualism, commensalism, parasitism, or competition.

What is Example: community (Beach), Predation- a bird eat a fish.