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Economics1
Economics2
Economics3
Economics4
Economics5
100
The end of communism in Eastern Europe meant the end of guaranteed markets for this.
What is shoddy Soviet-made goods?
100
Shock therapy would call for the immediate (continuation or elimination) of price controls, a rapid move toward convertibility of the_____________, privatization of _________, stabilization of the economy and liberalization of _______________.
What is elimination; ruble; property; trade?
100
In the place of the Soviet Union were fifteen new and separate countries, the largest of which was __________, or the Russian Federation led by ______________.
What is Russia; Boris N. Yeltsin?
100
The Soviet system boasted full employment, but many people were employed to do nothing, leading to the infamous description of the relationship between Soviet workers and the state. "We pretend to work, and you________________.
What is pretend to pay us?
100
Despite a strong post-secondary educational system, the Soviet economic system did not promote___________innovation at a time when Western countries were aggressively developing new technology in ______________hardware and telecommunications.
What are technological; computer?
200
Gorbachev's reform efforts resulted in bigger budget_______(because of sustained subsidies to industry, too much_________in circulation (leading to inflation), high__________(also causing inflation), a lack of effective mechanisms for collecting____________, and the growth of_______________.
What is deficits, money, wage, taxes, barter?
200
This Plan was created by Stanislav Shatalin, Grigori Yavlinsky and other economists. They then present it to Gorbachev, who opted not to support it in favor of a more conservative approach.
What is the Five Hundred Day Plan?
200
This was Gorbachev's legacy.
What is an economic system in complete and utter collapse?
200
The _____________employment system left a problematic legacy for policymakers in the post-Soviet contest of a strong aversion to , indeed a ___________of unemployment among the Russian populace.
What is guaranteed; fear?
200
An uncompetitive and decaying manufacturing sector pushed the Soviet economy toward reliance on natural _________ __________-especially oil and _________- at a time when prices for them were falling globally.
What are resource exports; gas?
300
This is what Boris N. Yeltsin thought of Gorbachev's economic reforms.
What is Yeltsin had split with Gorbachev and had bitterly criticized what he considered to be the slow pace of reform?
300
The Five Hundred Day Plan was a ___________for the introduction of reforms that would rapidly convert the Soviet Union to a ___________.
What is timetable; market system
300
By the end of 1991, the inflation rate in Russia was over______percent, and Russian citizens faced_______shelves.
What is 100%; empty?
300
In post-Soviet Russia, this is the reason why most people have to continue to work after retirement.
What is the fact that their pensions were so small and wages had been so low?
300
The dependence on natural resource exports to grow their economy made it difficult for the Russian post-Soviet economy to compete in world markets from which it had previously been protected and pave the way for Russia falling victim to the __________ __________.
What is "Resource curse"?
400
Yeltsin was popularly elected in 1991 as Russia's first (President or Prime Minister). Gorbachev (stepped down from or maintained) his unelected of the Soviet Union and continued as the unelected General Secretary of the Communist Party.
What is President: maintained?
400
In August 1991, observing the popularity and growing power of his rival Boris Yeltsin, Gorbachev was again leaning toward more radical___________solutions to the desperate situation within the Soviet economy, but he ran out of time.
What is market?
400
While Gorbachev's failed economic policies left the Soviet economy in a state of collapse, in actuality, Communist_________had failed in a gradual way over the course of decades.
What is economics?
400
Part of the Communist legacy was an imbalance between industrial production and production of___________goods leading to a low standard of ___________.
What is consumer; living?
400
The ruble was not freely _____________on international exchange markets. The state controlled conversion rates, and in practice there were two types of rubles with different values- on for ___________accounts and one for regular___________.
What is convertible; enterprise; people?
500
A Polish-style economic shock therapy was advocated by this group.
Who are young Russian economists?
500
Gorbachev was effectively ousted during a failed coup attempted by his own Politburo, and by December 1991, the Soviet Union had completely _____________.
What is collapsed?
500
This is the reason why most workers were officially on the state payroll.
What is the fact that almost all realms of economic activity were state controlled?
500
The Soviet obsession with gigantism and the attempt to achieve_____________of scale in every industry meant that ____________were rampant across the economy.
What are economies; monopolies?
500
Until 1989 and the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe, the Soviet economy operated under extreme__________and limited ___________beyond other communist countries.
What is protectionism; trade?