Show:
Plants & Photosynthesis
Food Chains
Food Webs
Energy Pyramids
Miscellaneous
100
What is another name for plants? Why?
Producers - because plants produce their own food
100
What is the greatest number of links a food chain could have?
Unlimited! There is no set amount. It all depends on the feeding behaviors of organisms in an ecosystem.
100
Define predator and prey. Give an example of a predator-prey relationship.
Predator: animal that hunts other animals for food; prey: animal that is hunted by other animals; lion and gazelle; bear and salmon
100
Where are decomposers placed on an energy pyramid? Why?
On the sides because decomposers are present at all levels of a food web
100
Why does every food chain have to begin with the sun?
It is the initial source of energy for all things on Earth, and necessary for plants to perform photosynthesis.
200
Where does photosynthesis in a plant take place? Be SPECIFIC.
Chloroplasts
200
What general pattern does a food chain always follow? (Include 4 "parts".)
Begins with the sun and a producer, followed by a consumer, and ends with a decomposer
200
How can an organism in a food web be both a primary consumer and a secondary consumer?
If they are an omnivore (eat both plants and other animals)
200
What percent of the energy available at each level is passed on to the next?
10%
200
What do we call all of the living and nonliving things that make up an environment?
ecosystem
300
How are the 3 ingredients needed for photosynthesis taken in by a plant?
Sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll, water is taken in by roots, carbon dioxide enters through the stomata
300
Create a food chain out of the following: coyote, jackrabbit, hawk, sun, grasses, mold
sun -> grasses -> jackrabbit -> hawk -> coyote -> mold (back to grasses)
300
What would happen if all of the top carnivores in an ecosystem were killed by hunters?
The prey populations would increase because nothing would control their size - as a result, there would be less food and resources for their survival
300
What TWO trends does an energy pyramid show in terms of its shape?
The populations size and amount of energy available decreases as you move up the pyramid (widest at the bottom means the largest population and the most energy)
300
What is the term for all members of a single species? What are multiple of these groups living together called?
Population; community
400
What are the 3 ingredients necessary for photosynthesis to take place? What are the 2 final products?
Sunlight, water, carbon dioxide; oxygen and sugar (glucose)
400
What is the difference between a scavenger and a decomposer?
Scavengers EAT dead plants and animals. Decomposers BREAK DOWN dead plants and animals using a chemical process.
400
What would happen if all of the producers in a prairie ecosystem were destroyed by a fire?
The animals that eat the producers would have nothing to eat, so would starve and die - this would eventually affect all parts of the food web in this ecosystem
400
What happens to the 90% of energy at each level that is not passed?
It is lost as heat or used for life processes.
400
What is the difference between a biotic factor and an abiotic factor? Give an example of each.
Biotic factors are living such as grasses and fish. Abiotic factors are nonliving such as water and rocks.
500
Name 2 differences between xylem and phloem.
Xylem carries water and minerals, phloem carries sugar; xylem carries upward only, phloem carries up and down
500
Why, in food chains, are decomposers always connected back to plants?
Decomposers break down decaying plant and animal material into nutrients that go back into the soil. These nutrients help plants grow.
500
Describe the relationship between a food web and food chains.
Food webs are composed of multiple interlocked chains.
500
If an energy pyramid shows that the producers in an ecosystem have 10,000 calories (units of energy), how many calories will eventually be transferred to the secondary consumer?
100 calories (primary consumer would receive 1,000 calories - 10% of 1,000 is 100)
500
Describe the difference between an herbivore, omnivore, and carnivore. Give an example of each.
Herbivores eat only plants (rabbits); omnivores eat plants and animals (humans); carnivores eat only animals (lions)