Genes
What is mutation and how does it affect genes?
A mutation is basically a change in an organisms gene.
What does homozygous mean?
Two copies of a gene version that are the same.
What do heterozygous gene versions mean?
It means that you have the two copies of a gene for each feature that can be the different verisons.
What is a gene?
What is a trait?
A specific characteristic of an individual organism.
What do gene versions do?
They provide instructions for proteins.
Why are some siblings and parents different from each other?
Because offspring inherit different combinations from parents.
What is a feature?
A feature is a chraracteristic that all members of a species have.
What is a mutation?
It's a random change to a gene that sometimes can result in a new trait.
What is a variation?
Any difference in traits between individual organisms
How do different protein structures in cells determine traits?
They affect how to connect to other protein molecules.
How do gene versions determine different traits?
Each gene version provides unique instructions to make a specific protein molecule in an organism's cells.
What is a chromosome?
It is basically a long piece of DNA that contains many genes.
What is a "version?"
What is fertilzation?
when a male and a female reproductive cell combine to create an offspring.
How many proteins do heterozygous gene versions have?
They have 2 proteins.
How many proteins do homozygous genes create?
They create only one protein!
What is DNA?
DNA is a type of molecule that is genes and chromosomes are made of.
What is a nucleus?
It's the part of a cell where the genes are found.
What is an offspring?
An organism produced as a result of reproduction.
How do organisms get their traits?
They inherit a copy of a gene version from their mother and father.
How do the proteins determine different traits in organisms?
It basically depends on how they connect with other proteins.
What is an allele?
It is a specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a protein molecule.
What is a ribosome?
It's the parts of a cell that build protein molecules on instructions from some genes.
What is a protein molecule?
It's a type of large molecule that does important functions inside organisms.