Theory of creating one's own understanding of the world through interaction with materials,experiences, and people.
What is constructivism?
100
Two or more children act and communicate to maintain play that is focused on common goal or play theme.
What is cooperative play
100
Curriculum where learning takes place through projects where many threads of knowledge and skills are used, rather than separating into distinct academic subjects
What is integrated curriculum
100
This theorist is known for coining the term zone of proximal development to describe the difference between what a child can do alone and with help.
Who is Vygotsky?
100
A sense of self as an independent being.
What is autonomy?
200
A groups way of life, including customs, beliefs, values-learned behavior passed on from parents to children.
What is culture?
200
Child plays in presence of others, other with the same materials and activity but there is no verbal contact or recognition of the other child.
What is parallel play
200
Term used to indicate process of analyzing and interpreting activity after it has occurred to evaluate learning tasks and skills involved.
What is backtracking?
200
This theorist used the term disequilibrium to describe the process of when children take in information that conflicts with prior knowledge and are confused.
Who is Piaget?
200
A belief that one is able to achieve tasks and goals.
What is competence?
300
Related to the process of knowing, thinking or learning.
What is cognitive?
300
Pretend play, where participants take on imaginary roles.
What is dramatic play
300
A method of evaluation and assessment that relies on observing children during the daily activities, rather than artificial testing situations.
What is performance-based method?
300
This theorist recognized the uniqueness of each child and coined the term sensitive periods when children are particularly sensitive to particular kinds of stimuli for their learning.
Who is Montessori?
300
Piaget's term for incorporating new information into an existing cognitive structure.
What is assimilation?
400
Conditions in which children's development in one of many domains may lag behind statistical norms.
What are developmental delays
400
Stage of play where a child watches other children but does not engage them.
What is onlooker play?
400
Used for teaching. In Montessori's philosophy, refers to materials that teach because their properties are inherently self-correcting.
What is didactic?
400
This theorist educational philosophy is embodied in Waldorf Schools.
Who is Rudolf Steiner?
400
Connections between nerve cells.
What are synapses?
500
A process by which children accept societal standards as their own, as a source of self discipline
What is internalize
500
The first level of play, involving repeated physical movements, according to Piaget and Smilansky. Also called practice play.
What is functional play?
500
Phrase used by Montessori to describe young children's active natural learning style in their early years.
What is absorbent mind?
500
This theorist beliefs that developing a sense of trust is a positive result of a core conflict for infants.
Who is Erikson?
500
Tests used to assess whether children are likely to succeed in an educational environment primarily applied to kindergarten.