The variable that is manipulated to see if an effect occurs
What is the independent variable
100
Mistakenly applying general results to a particular person
What is an ecological fallacy
100
The group of people that are participating in the study
What is a sample
100
The consistency of scores obtained across items, time or raters
What is reliability
100
The average of all the scores
What is the mean
200
The variable that is measured to see if an effect or relationship occurred; depends on the independent variable.
What is the dependent variable
200
Mistakenly applying particular results to general situations
What is an exception fallacy
200
The group of people to whom you want to generalize the results of the study
What is the population
200
This type of reliability includes split half, Chronbach's alpha, and KR-20.
What is internal consistency reliability
200
How far scores are spread out from the mean, on average.
What is the standard deviation
300
Stating explicitly how a variable will be measured
What is an operational definition
300
A specific prediction made about a research question, based on a previous studies' data or theory
What is a hypothesis
300
The extent to which the sample represents the population of interest
What is population generalizability
300
If we are testing what has been taught to students, the type of validity we are interested in is
What is content validity
300
An easy way to compare SAT scores to GRE scores (or any tests that have different scales); you would transform scores from these tests into this.
What is a z-score or standard score
400
A variable that a participant brings with them into the research; is not assigned by the researcher
What is an attribute variable
400
An abstract trait or ability that we presume to exist.
What is a construct
400
The degree to which the results of a study can be extended to other settings or conditions
What is ecological generalizability
400
Items on a test that are reliable can be valid or invalid (true or false)
What is true (scale can be consistently accurate or inaccurate when you step on it; it's reliable, but may be invalid).
400
An alpha level of .05 is considered to be standard in psychological research. A more conservative alpha level would be
What is .01 or .001 or anything smaller than .05.
500
This type of variable can have numerous values, rather than just one or two (or three). These values can range. Examples would be temperature, blood pressure, or running time.
What is a continuous or quantitative variable.
500
Something that can be observed or quantified in some way. Needed for questions that are researchable
What is an empirical referent
500
Researchers being incorrect about the characteristics that represent the general population is one possible problem with this type of sampling
What is convenience sampling
500
All valid items on a test are necessarily reliable (true or false)
What is true (a scale that is correctly calibrated will consistently give you the correct weight).
500
Finding results when in fact, no true results exist (the results you found were due to chance but you just didn't know it). A false positive.